Genomic Islands are parts of a genome that has evidence of horizontal origins. The present work is a continuation of our earlier work that identified 25 regions downstream of the small RNAs as hotspots of genomic island integration by analyzing three strains of E.coli and one strain of Shigella spp genomes. Till that work, genomic islands have been identified only at tRNA/tmRNA genes in the ent...

Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile pathogen that is capable of causing infections in both humans and animals. It can cause furuncles, septicaemia, pneumonia and endocarditis. Adaptation of S. aureus to the modern hospital environment has been facilitated, in part, by the horizontal acquisition of drug resistance genes, such as mecA gene that imparts resistance to methicillin. Horizontal acqui...

Compelling arguments for preserving large habitat 'islands' have been made for a number of animal groups, but most commonly for terrestrial birds. We argue that, for many species of waterbirds nesting in coastal estuaries, maintaining numerous small islands may be a more effective management strategy than maintaining larger islands or reserves. In this study, the number of great white heron Ard...

Late Quaternary palaeoecological records of palm decline, extirpation and extinction are explored from the oceanic islands of the Pacific Ocean. Despite the severe reduction of faunal diversity coincidental with human colonisation of these previously uninhabited oceanic islands, relatively few plant extinctions have been recorded. At low taxonomic levels, recent faunal extinctions on oceanic is...

Island Rule postulated that individuals on islands tend to dwarfism when individuals from mainland populations are large and to gigantism when mainland populations present small individuals. There has been much discussion about this rule, but only few studies were carried out aiming to reveal this pattern for anurans. Our study focused on measuring the size of individuals on islands and to find...

A nationwide survey was performed to know the distribution and prevalence of human Gymnophalloides seoi infection on western and southern coastal islands in the Republic of Korea. A total of 4,178 fecal specimens were collected from residents on 45 (24 western and 21 southern) islands, and examined by Kato-Katz and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques. Eggs of G. seoi were detected from 160 ...

Atomic force and scanning tunneling microscopy images of nanophase palladium and silver materials taken on various length scales are presented. The samples show a conformational packing of individual nanometer-sized clusters. In the case of silver, islands of clusters are observed on micrometer length scales. The islands are very tlat and separated by deep crevices. The grains (clusters) within...

Graphene based spintronic devices require an understanding of the growth of magnetic metals. Rare earth metals have large bulk magnetic moments so they are good candidates for such applications, and it is important to identify their growth mode. Dysprosium was deposited on epitaxial graphene, prepared by thermally annealing 6H-SiC(0001). The majority of the grown islands have triangular instead...

crystalline composition of silver islands on Si(111) D. Wall S. Tikhonov S. Sindermann D. Spoddig C. Hassel M. Horn-von Hoegen F.-J. Meyer zu Heringdorf Photoemission electron microscopy and spot profile analyzing low-energy electron diffraction have been used to study the temperature-dependent growth of Ag islands on a Si(111) surface. Depending on growth temperature, various island shapes can...

BACKGROUND Regions with abundant GC nucleotides, a high CpG number, and a length greater than 200 bp in a genome are often referred to as CpG islands. These islands are usually located in the 5' end of genes. Recently, several algorithms for the prediction of CpG islands have been proposed. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We propose here a new method called CPSORL to predict CpG islands, which...