This article develops the concepts and tools for the systematic study of the mechanics of survival for medieval Islamic books. These concepts and tools are then applied to studying the history of the earliest extant biographical dictionary of the Islamic tradition: Ibn Saʿd’s Ṭabaqāt. First, the book’s transmitters and their historical contexts are investigated using a large number of transmiss...

in the islamic era, mausoleums were considered as the most important after mosques. constructing these buildings dates from the fourth century after hijrah, coinciding with the establishment of the earlier post -islamic dynasties in east and north east of iran. this tradition continued in later islamic periods in two basic rectangular and tomb tower types. the significant point about these buil...

Generative design is concerned with the definition and exploration of design spaces, and it has been suggested that emergence plays a key role in this process. In this paper, the impact of emergence on a design space is explored via consideration of different methods used to generate designs in a particular style. Three distinct methods of generating Islamic geometric patterns have been investi...

Following four decades of economic growth the public sector in Oman is experiencing an emerging problem of labour turnover to the private sector. We examine this phenomenon through semi-structured interviews with 26 current and former public employees. The rate of turnover is low but this masks the impact of losses to key technical and management roles. The main reasons for turnover are dissati...

associating certain forms and designs in islamic arts with the promised heaven may be widely observed in the works of many historians and critics of the field. it is believed that islamic art has been derived from the imagination of the paradise as depicted in holy quran. to express this meaning in technical words it should be said that the main concept in islamic arts has been the gardens of h...

life review therapy has been used for reducing post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) symptoms in older ages. using life review therapy with elements of religious ontology, this study introduces an intervention for decreasing ptsd symptoms in younger adults. the study population included clients referred to the two counseling centers in tehran during 2008 and 2009. the sample consisted of 18 cli...

This work aims at revealing the implications of modernization and improvement living standards middle-class Malay Muslim community in Pontianak City. The modern world has proven to affects aspects religion culture people globe, including Muslims Pontianak. is based on research employing qualitative approach with support ethnographic activities. Observations in-depth interviews were data collect...

Recently, all the human genes were identified. But understanding the functions coded in the genes is a much harder problem. We are used to view DNA as some sort of a computer code, but there are striking differences. For example, by using entropy, it has been shown that the DNA code is much closer to random code than written text, which in turn is less ordered than ordinary computer code. Inste...

This article is about the recognition of personhood when death occurs in early life. Drawing from anthropological perspectives on personhood at the beginnings and ends of life, it examines the implications of competing religious and customary definitions of personhood for a small sample of young British Pakistani Muslim women who experienced miscarriage and stillbirth. It suggests that these wo...