To examine the impact of homozygous genetic disruption of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 (IRS-1(-/-)) or IRS-2 (IRS-2(-/-)) on basal and insulin-stimulated carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in vivo, we infused 18-h fasted mice (wild-type (WT), IRS-1(-/-), and IRS-2(-/-)) with [3-(3)H]glucose and [(2)H(5)]glycerol and assessed rates of glucose and glycerol turnover under basal (0-90 min) and...

Remote sensing, one of the most important reconnaissance and feature identifying tools generally applied for surface and groundwater investigation, was used for water resources mapping for the lower Son Valley in this study. The mapping was done with the help of Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellite imagery IRS-LISS1-B1 for January 29, 1991 obtained during the day transit time. The area under s...

The IRS-1D LISS III false colour composite (FCC) decoded imagery belonging to Kosi river watershed of Almora district of Uttaranchal under warm humid Lesser Himalayan agro-ecological region was interpreted and surveyed for soil resource mapping. On the basis of image interpretation and ground truth study ten physiographic units were identified. Soil physiography relationship was established on ...

Insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and IRS-2 are the major substrates that mediate insulin action. Insulin itself regulates the expression of the IRS protein in the liver, but the underlying mechanisms of IRS-1 and IRS-2 regulation are not fully understood. Here we report that insulin suppressed the expression of both IRS-1 and IRS-2 proteins in Fao hepatoma cells. The decrease in IRS-1 protein...

Hepatic insulin resistance is a critical component in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In many cases, insulin resistance in liver is associated with reduced expression of both major insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, IRS-1 and IRS-2. To investigate the specific functions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 in regulating liver function in vivo, we developed an adenovirus-mediated RNA interfer...

The insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are adaptor molecules that integrate signals generated by receptors that are implicated in human breast cancer. We investigated the specific contribution of IRS-2 to mammary tumor progression using transgenic mice that express the polyoma virus middle T antigen (PyV-MT) in the mammary gland and IRS-2-null (IRS-2(-/-)) mice. PyV-MT-induced tumor init...

the aim of this study is to investigate underground water quality parameters in gorganrud river basin and their connection with aboveground conditions using gis and artificial neural networks. in order to prepare a land use map of the area, liss iii image of irs satellite of the year 2008 was used in a maximum likelihood classification. the results revealed that there was a significant correlat...

In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) plays a major role in inducing phenotypic switching from contractile to proliferative state. Importantly, VSMC phenotypic switching is also determined by the phosphorylation state/expression levels of insulin receptor substrate (IRS), an intermediary signaling component that is shared by insulin and IGF-I. To date, t...

BACKGROUND Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction (MI) and the development of heart failure. Both angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and insulin/insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) show cardioprotective effects after acute MI. The Arg972 IRS-1 polymorphism is associated with diminished activity of insulin. In t...

We have previously characterized an insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1)-overexpressing beta-cell line. These beta-cells demonstrated elevated fractional insulin secretion and elevated cytosolic Ca(2+) levels compared with wild-type and vector controls. This effect of IRS-1 may be mediated via an interaction with the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA). Here we demonstrate that I...