We argue that when innovation is “sequential” (so that each successive invention builds in an essential way on its predecessors) and “complementary” (so that each potential innovator takes a different research line), patent protection is not as useful for encouraging innovation as in a static setting. Indeed, society and even inventors themselves may be better off without such protection. Furth...

The Hicks induced innovation hypothesis states that a price increase of production factor is spur to invention. We propose an alternative restating invention requires not only one but also decrease at least other offset the companies’ cost. illustrate need for our in historical example industrial revolution United Kingdom. Furthermore, we econometrically evaluate both hypotheses case study rese...

Innovation is the process through which new scientific discoveries are developed and promoted from bench to bedside. In an effort to encourage young entrepreneurs in this area, Stanford Biodesign developed a medical device innovation training program focused on need-based innovation. The program focuses on teaching systematic evaluation of healthcare needs, invention, and concept development. T...

Evidence shows that training can increase product innovation. Yet in most studies survey design omits the differentiation between ‘new' and ‘improved' technical Thus, our objective is to quantify impact of on process innovation, especially terms new versus improved innovations. We use a national, establishment level, mandatory survey, explicity designed as longitudinal. 2SLS approach correct fo...

This paper uses panel data between 2000 and 2010 to explore how firm ownership and regional industrial structures contribute to regional innovation performance in Chinese provinces. Specifically, we explore how the extent of specialization and diversification in regional industrial structures at the province level foster both MAR and Jacobs spillovers, as well as how foreign and state ownership...