abstract optimal management of water and nutrient could consider as effective on farm method to reduce pollution because agriculture is none point pollution. in this research, an optimal model was presented to reduce nitrate loss in furrow fertigation. the optimal model contains four simulation models for predicting runoff, deep percolation, nitrate concentration in runoff and nitrate concentra...

Many modern nanostructured materials and doped polymers are morphologically too complex to be interpreted by classical percolation theory. Here, we develop the concept of a hierarchical percolating (percolation-within-percolation) system to describe such complex materials and illustrate how to generalize the conventional percolation to double-level percolation. Based on Monte Carlo simulations,...

– Taking the Bak-Sneppen evolution model as an example (Phys. Rev. Lett., 71 (1993) 4083), we study extremal dynamics where M > 1 smallest barriers are simultaneously updated as opposed to models in the limit where only the smallest barrier is updated. We investigate the scaling properties of the nearest-neighbour and the random-neighbour model. We demonstrate that the behaviour of models with ...

[1] Interphase mass transfer in variable aperture fractures occurs in many problems where two immiscible fluids are present, such as dissolution of dense nonaqueous phase liquids into groundwater, dissolution of CO2 in deep saline aquifers, and evaporation of trapped water by flowing gas during natural gas production. Typically, one fluid is entrapped by capillary forces and resides in immobili...

We study the percolation model on Boltzmann triangulations using a generating function approach. More precisely, we consider a Boltzmann model on the set of finite planar triangulations, together with a percolation configuration (either site-percolation or bondpercolation) on this triangulation. By enumerating triangulations with boundaries according to both the boundary length and the number o...

We prove that there exist natural generalizations of the classical bootstrap percolation model on Z that have non-trivial critical probabilities, and moreover we characterize all homogeneous, local, monotone models with this property. Van Enter [28] (in the case d = r = 2) and Schonmann [25] (for all d > r > 2) proved that r-neighbour bootstrap percolation models have trivial critical probabili...

We formulate the Wolff algorithm as a site-bond percolation problem, apply it to the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic planar triangular spin models, and study the percolation critical behavior using Anite-size scaling. In the former case the Wold' algorithm is successful as an accelerating algorithm, whereas in the latter case it is not. We found the percolation temperatures and the cluster ...

We first introduce the percolation problems associated with the graph theoretical concepts of (k, l)-sparsity, and make contact with the physical concepts of ordinary and rigidity percolation. We then devise a renormalization transformation for (k, l)-percolation problems, and investigate its domain of validity. In particular, we show that it allows an exact solution of (k, l)-percolation probl...

We present a discrete element model for simulating, at the grain scale, gas migration in brine-saturated deformable media. We rigorously account for the presence of two fluids in the pore space by incorporating forces on grains due to pore fluid pressures, and surface tension between fluids. This model, which couples multiphase fluid flow with sediment mechanics, permits investigating the upwar...