We apply a new bosonization technique to relativistic field theories of fermions whose partition function is dominated by bosonic composites, and derive the effective action for these bosons. The derivation respects all symmetries, including gauge invariance, with the exception of Euclidean invariance which must be checked a posteriori. We use a lattice regularization which should make applicat...

We use twist deformation techniques to analyse the behaviour under area-preserving diffeomorphisms of quantum averages of Wilson loops in Yang-Mills theory on the noncommutative plane. We find that while the classical gauge theory is manifestly twist covariant, the holonomy operators break the quantum implementation of the twisted symmetry in the usual formal definition of the twisted quantum f...

In this paper, we propose a numerical algorithm based on the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) for the Cauchy problem in two-dimensional linear elasticity. Through the use of the double-layer potential function, we give the invariance property for a problem with two different descriptions. In order to adapt this invariance property, we give an invariant MFS to satisfy this invariance proper...

Within structural equation modeling, the most prevalent model to investigate measurement bias is the multigroup model. Equal factor loadings and intercepts across groups in a multigroup model represent strong factorial invariance (absence of measurement bias) across groups. Although this approach is possible in principle, it is hardly practical when the number of groups is large or when the gro...

The expected number of real projective roots orthogonally invariant random homogeneous polynomial systems is known to be equal the square root Bézout number. A similar result for multi-homogeneous systems, through a product orthogonal groups. In this note, those results are generalized certain families sparse with no invariance assumed.