Combining items into parcels in confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) can improve model estimation and fit. Because adequate model fit is imperative for CFA tests of measurement invariance, parcels have frequently been used. However, the use of parcels as indicators in a CFA model can have detrimental effects on tests of measurement invariance of factor loadings. Using simulated data with a known ...

Rotation invariance and translation invariance have great values in image recognition tasks. In this paper, we bring a new architecture in convolutional neural network (CNN) named cyclic convolutional layer to achieve rotation invariance in 2-D symbol recognition. We can also get the position and orientation of the 2-D symbol by the network to achieve detection purpose for multiple non-overlap ...

‎We study $R$-groups for $p$-adic inner forms of quasi-split special unitary groups‎. ‎We prove Arthur's conjecture‎, ‎the isomorphism between the Knapp-Stein $R$-group and the Langlands-Arthur $R$-group‎, ‎for quasi-split special unitary groups and their inner forms‎. ‎Furthermore‎, ‎we investigate the invariance of the Knapp-Stein $R$-group within $L$-packets and between inner forms‎. ‎This w...

In this paper, five conditions that have been proposed by Cobb and Shenoy are studied for nine different mappings from the Dempster-Shafer theory to the probability theory. After comparing these mappings, one of the considerable results indicates that none of the mappings satisfies the condition of invariance with respect to the marginalization process. In more details, the main reason for this...

The complete renormalization procedure of a general N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theory in the Wess-Zumino gauge is presented, using the regulator free “algebraic renormalization” procedure. Both gauge invariance and supersymmetry are included into one single BRS invariance. The form of the general nonabelian anomaly is given. Furthermore, it is explained how the gauge BRS and the supersymmetry f...

This simulation study investigated the empirical Type I error rates of using the maximum likelihood estimation method and Pearson covariance matrix for multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) of full and strong measurement invariance hypotheses with mixed item format data that are ordinal in nature. The results indicate that mixed item formats and sample size combinations do not result...

The links between parenting and child behaviour in cultural context have received increasing research attention. We investigated the effect of parenting on child adjustment using a multimethod design, comparing English and Turkish families. The socioeconomically diverse samples included 118 English and 100 Turkish families, each with two children aged 4-8 years. Mothers completed questionnaires...

Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was applied to the responses of 4,909 employees of a multinational organization with locations in 50 countries to examine the measurement equivalence of otherwise identical Web-based and paper-and-pencil versions of 20 items comprising the transformational leadership component of Bass and Avolio’s Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. The results supporte...

Establishing the measurement equivalence of instruments is a prerequisite to making meaningful comparisons between individuals or within individuals over time. Whereas previous research has investigated the effects of rater characteristics on the measurement equivalence of performance ratings, the current study investigated a ratee characteristic – ratee job experience. Using confirmatory facto...

The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Motivational Climate Sport Youth Scale (MCSYSp) and invariance across gender and different sports (swimming, soccer, handball, basketball, futsal). A total of 4,569 athletes (3,053 males, 1,516 females) from soccer (1,098), swimming (1,049), basketball (1,754), futsal (340), and handball (328) part...