Resistant glucan (RG) and hydrogenated resistant glucan (HRG) are newly developed non-digestible carbohydrate materials that decrease lifestyle-related diseases. The bioavailability of RG and HRG was investigated by in vitro experiments using human and rat small intestinal enzymes and by in vivo experiments using rats in the present study. Oligosaccharides, which are minor components of RG and ...

Abstract In order for the intestinal mucosa to absorb dietary proteins they have be digested into single amino acids or very short peptides of a length not more than four acids. study efficiency digestive endopeptidases digest folded we analyzed several target under different conditions, native proteins, heat denatured and acid treated. The three pancreatic serine proteases, trypsin, chymotryps...

Secondary bile acids, produced solely by intestinal bacteria, can accumulate to high levels in the enterohepatic circulation of some individuals and may contribute to the pathogenesis of colon cancer, gallstones, and other gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Bile salt hydrolysis and hydroxy group dehydrogenation reactions are carried out by a broad spectrum of intestinal anaerobic bacteria, whereas...

In an endeavor to find a novel series of antihyperglycemic agents, new benzimidazole and pyrimidine derivatives were successfully synthesized efficiently in high yield with high purity, starting from amino acids in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3). The synthesized compounds were identified by (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, FT-IR spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. All products ...

The intestine plays a prominent role in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerol (triglyceride; TAG). Digested dietary TAG is repackaged in the intestine to form the hydrophobic core of chylomicrons, which deliver metabolic fuels, essential fatty acids, and other lipid-soluble nutrients to the peripheral tissues. By controlling the flux of dietary fat into the circulation, intestinal TAG synthesis c...

Cytochromes are located in many different tissues of the human body. They are found in abundance on the intestinal and hepatic tissues in human and other living organisms. CYPs enzymes are metabolizing a large variety of xenobiotic substances. Activities of cytochromes P450 enzymes are influenced by a variety of factors, such as genus, environment, disease state, herbicides, alcohol consumption...

In culture operations, the efficiency of a feed in promoting maximum growth in animal depends not only on its nutritive profile, but also on the animal’s inherent ability to consume, digest, absorb and metabolize the nutrients from the feed. Nutrient utilization in aquatic animals depends on the activity of their digestive enzymes [1,2]. Digestive processes in fish are less known than in animal...

Sulfasalazine (salicylazosulfapyridine), an agent widely used for the treatment of ileitis and colitis, is also a competitive inhibitor of intestinal folate transport (1, 2). The mechanism of action of sulfasalazine remains uncertain. To further explore the mechanism of sulfasalazine action, the interaction of the drug with the folate recognition site was tested with three enzymes: dihydrofolat...

The present and future high demand of common cereals as corn wheat encourage the development feed processing technology that allows for dietary inclusion other low nutritional value in poultry feeding. Barley grains contain anti-nutritional factors limit their industry. treatment barley with solid-state fermentation exogenous enzymes (FBEs) provides a good alternative to cereals. In this study,...

Coexpression of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) and reductase was found in human gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia. Immunohistochemistry showed reactivity to P450 reductase in metaplastic epithelial cells and in pyloric gland cells in glands showing intestinal metaplasia. These cells exhibit NADPH-diaphorase activity. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis and Western blotting showed ...