Abstract: In recent years, investigations into the changes in the microstructure during the processing of functional metal materials have been carried out by many researchers. Therefore, it is required that the change in the material characteristic during processing by a nondestructive evaluation method be evaluated. However, conventional technology has been restricted to a static material char...

Because of the measurement errors, the result ỹ = f(x̃1, . . . , x̃n) of processing the measurement results x̃1, . . . , x̃n is, in general, different from the value y = f(x1, . . . , xn) that we would obtain if we knew the exact values x1, . . . , xn of all the inputs. In the linearized case, we can use numerical differentiation to estimate the resulting difference ∆y = ỹ − y; however, this requir...

Two different but related measurement problems are considered within the fuzzy set theory. The first problem is the membership measurement and the second is property ranking. These two measurement problems are combined and two axiomatizations of fuzzy set theory are obtained. In the first one, the indifference is transitive but in the second one this drawback is removed by utilizing interval or...

in this research work nano porous silicon layers with different porosity were prepared by using electrochemical etching. surface morphology and size of pores were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (sem).tio2 thin films with ebpvd method have been deposited on the surface of psi layers. the influence of anodization conditions such as anodization time interval and current density on el...

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is a precise timekeeper that controls and synchronizes the circadian period of countless physiological and behavioural functions and entrains them to the 24 h light/dark cycle. We examined the possibility that it is also indirectly involved in measurement of a briefer interval by observing the effects of lesions targeted at the SCN, and abol...