Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Portugal In order to ensure the safe usage of new radiopharmaceuticals in Positron Emission Tomography (PET), it is necessary to quantify the doses delivered to the organs and tissues within the patients’ bodies. A framework that allows estimating the dose delivered by PET has been established by the MIRD Committee ...

introduction: esophageal cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in iran and having a  high  incidence  rate  among  other  countries.  radiotherapy  is  one  of  the  three  methods  (surgery,  radiotherapy and chemotherapy) for radical or palliative treatment of esophageal cancer. in this method  of treatment, the organs such as heart and spinal cord are regarded as organs at r...

introduction radiation exposures from diagnostic medical examinations are generally low and are almost always justified by the benefits of accurate diagnosis of possible disease conditions. therefore, entrance skin dose (esd), body organ dose (bod), and effective dose (ed) from adult patients undergoing routine thorax posterior-anterior (pa) and thorax right lateral (rlat) were estimated in uni...

Objective(s): The aim of this study was to determine whether high-dose radioactive iodine (Na131I) outpatient treatment of patients with thyroid carcinoma is a pragmatically safe approach, particularly for the safety of caregivers. Methods: A total of 79 patients completed the radiation-safety questionnaires prior to receiving high-dose radioactive iodine treatment. The questionnaire studied th...

Calculation of the therapeutic activity of radioiodine (131)I for individualized dosimetry in the treatment of Graves' disease requires an accurate estimate of the thyroid absorbed radiation dose based on a tracer activity administration of (131)I. Common approaches (Marinelli-Quimby formula, MIRD algorithm) use, respectively, the effective half-life of radioiodine in the thyroid and the time-i...

BACKGROUND Burnout is typically viewed as an individual condition, and no link has been identified between burnout and loneliness. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of burnout with loneliness and social network degree and centrality. METHODS A survey containing the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), a 3-question loneliness scale, and a social connectivity component was sent to resident...

Human cancer risks from benzene have been estimated from epidemiological data, with supporting evidence from animal bioassay data. This article reexamines the animal-based risk assessments using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of benzene metabolism in animals and humans. Internal doses (total benzene metabolites) from oral gavage experiments in mice are well predicted by the...

background: changes in body composition may be used for monitoring progression/ regression of a disease. prompt γ-rays in vivo neutron activation analysis (ivnaa) has been widely used for the measurement of body composition in recent years. objective: in this paper, we tried to improve the safety of ivnaa operator. methods: the most important factor for reducing the operator receiving dose is t...

BACKGROUND Positive psychology research in dementia care has largely been confined to the qualitative literature because of the lack of robust outcome measures. The aim of this study was to develop positive psychology outcome measures for people with dementia. METHODS Two measures were each developed in four stages. Firstly, literature reviews were conducted to identify and operationalise sal...

Radioiodine/Retention/Japanese A dose of 2.74 kBq of carrier-free 131I (Nal) was given orally to 2 male adults (A and B) in their routine works under a limitation of iodine intake for A and a fairly free access to iodine intake for B for 2 weeks predose. In both the thyroid and the whole-body, the reten tions were expressed with a 2 term-exponential function. The metabolic data for subjects A a...