Dissociation under ultrashort intense laser fields differs from the process occurring in the presence of a weak field by two main characteristics. In the strong field regime, the force exerted by the laser on the molecule is comparable to the intermolecular forces. In addition, this force is varying on a time scale comparable to that of the molecular vibration. The combination of these two effe...

During the last years, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has developed from a microscopy tool for solid-state surface science toward a method employed in many scientific disciplines, such as biology, for investigating individual molecules on a nanometer scale. This article describes the current status of the imaging possibilities of AFM on RNA, IgG, and gold-labeled cell adhesion proteoglycans, as ...

The title compound, (C(4)H(8)N(3)O)(H(3)O)[Ni(C(7)H(3)NO(4))(2)]·3H(2)O, exhibits isotypism with its Co(II) analogue. All intramolecular distances and angles are similar for the two structures. This applies also for the intermolecular forces, consisting of O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions [with centroid-centroid distances of 3.428 (2) and 3.579 (2) Å], that lead to a cohesion...

The solubility and solubility trends of organometallic complexes in supercritical carbon dioxide are reviewed. The influence of intermolecular forces, physical properties and the metal chelates on solubility is explored. A number of thermodynamic models used to predict the solubility behavior of organometallic complexes in supercritical carbon dioxide, and the advantages and limitations to thes...

A mean-field theory is presented which describes the basic observations of recent experiments revealing rich wetting behaviour of n-alkane/methanol mixtures at the liquid–vapour interface. The theory is based on a microscopic lattice-gas model from which a Cahn–Landau phenomenological approach is derived. Besides the physics associated with the short-range components of the intermolecular inter...

Our ability to predict protein structures from amino acid sequences depends on our understanding of molecular forces. The same applies to the validation of protein structures determined in the laboratory. The protein structures available in the public domain contain a number of deficiencies and inconsistencies. As long as we are unable to recognize and correct such errors on a regular basis we ...

We have measured the intermolecular forces between small interference RNA (siRNA) and polyamidoamine dendrimers at the single molecular level. A single molecule force spectroscopy approach has been developed to measure the unbinding forces and energies between a siRNA molecule and polyamidoamine dendrimers deposited on a mica surface in a buffer solution. We report three types of unbinding even...

Intermolecular binding underlies every metabolic and regulatory processes of the cell, and the therapeutic and pharmacological properties of drugs. Molecular docking systems model and simulate these interactions in silico and allow us to study the binding process. Haptic-based docking provides an immersive virtual docking environment where the user can interact with and guide the molecules to t...

The critical behavior of interfaces is discussed from a theoretical point of view. Two classes of critical phenomena will be considered: (i) Roughening phenomena related to changes in the interfacial morphology; and (ii) Wetting phenomena related to changes in the interfacial structure. In two dimensions, the critical behavior can be determined exactly for a variety of models. As a result, one ...

The interaction between streptavidin and its ligand, biotin, were studied by direct force measurements. The complimentary approaches of surface force apparatus (SFA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to elucidate both long-range and short-range adhesive interactions of the streptavidin biotin interaction. The high spatial resolution of the SFA provided a detailed profile of the inters...