Impaired intellectual functioning is an important risk factor for the emergence of severe mental illness. Unlike many other forms of mental disorder however, the association between bipolar disorder and intellectual deficits is unclear. In this narrative review, we examine the current evidence on intellectual functioning in children and adolescents at risk for developing bipolar disorder. The r...

Objective We aimed to report on previously unappreciated clinical features associated with FOXP1 -related intellectual disability (ID) syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, disability, and language or without autistic features. Methods performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) molecularly characterize an individual presenting ID, epilepsy, autism...

The development of whole exome/genome sequencing technologies has given rise to an unprecedented volume of data linking patient genomic variability to brain disorder phenotypes. A surprising number of variants have been found in the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) gene family, with the GRIN2B gene encoding the GluN2B subunit being implicated in many cases of neurodevelopmental disorders, ...

The number of children with hearing loss with additional disabilities receiving cochlear implantation has increased dramatically over the past decade. However, little is known about their auditory and speech and language development following implantation. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effects of cochlear implantation on the most common genetic and developmental disorders in chi...

Intellectual disability (ID) is a lifelong condition that begins during the developmental period, and characterized by significant limitations in intellectual functioning adaptive behavior including social, conceptual practical skills. In these case series, we aimed to identify genetic etiopathogenesis of two male patients with ID from seven-generation large-Turkish family. Two affected boys sy...

There is high co-occurrence between intellectual disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It important to identify people who have both conditions for clinical research reasons. This study explored if the Child Adolescent Intellectual Disability Screening Questionnaire (CAIDS-Q) Learning (LDSQ) could accurately in autistic children adults respectively. Pre-existing CAIDS-Q data 40 LDSQ 27...

OBJECTIVE Developmental delay is associated with a subsequent diagnosis of learning disability. However, the relationship between the age of reaching infant developmental milestones and later intellectual function within the general population remains unresolved. We hypothesized that earlier attainment of developmental milestones would be associated with better subsequent intellectual performan...

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in three domains: social interactions, verbal and non-verbal communication, and preference for a repetitive interest or behavior. 1 There are three types of disorders classified under the Autism Spectrum Disorders according to the DSM-IV-TR: Autistic disorder, Asperger’s disor...