OBJECTIVE This retrospective population-based study examined drowning location by the site of immersion for both fatal and non-fatal drowning events in Queensland. Drowning location is not routinely collected, and this study used data linkage to identify drowning sites. The resulting enhanced quality data quantify drowning incidence for specific locations by geographic region, age group and by ...

888 PERSPECTIVES as much terrestrial carbon is received by inland waters as reaches the world's oceans (11). Calcareous catchments also release considerable carbon to lakes as bicarbonate and carbonate. In total, inland waters may bury about four times as much carbon as do the oceans (10). Much of the organic carbon received by lakes is mineralized and emitted to the atmosphere as carbon dioxid...

Chlorophyll-a (chl-a) is a central water quality parameter that has been estimated through remote sensing bio-optical models. This work evaluated the performance of three well established reflectance based bio-optical algorithms to retrieve chl-a from in situ hyperspectral remote sensing reflectance datasets collected during three field campaigns in the Funil reservoir (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)....

Mangrove trees, which develop along tropical coasts, are known to use saline water uptake. In French Guiana, the high salinity condition is the result of seawater evaporation on mud banks formed from the Amazon sediment flumes. In the back mangrove a few kilometres inland, groundwater, soil water and the xylem sap uptake in the trees remain highly salty, and only very tolerant plants like Avice...

Monitoring the variation of rivers and lakes is of great importance. Satellite radar altimetry is a promising technology to do this on a regional to global scale. Satellite radar altimetry data has been used successfully to observe water levels in lakes and (large) rivers, and has also been combined with hydrologic/hydrodynamic models. Except CryoSat-2, all radar altimetry missions have been op...

Novel markers of fecal pollution in tropical waters are needed since conventional methods recommended for other geographical regions may not apply. To address this, the prevalence of thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci, coliphages, and enterophages was determined by culture methods across a watershed. Additionally, human-, chicken-, and cattle-specific PCR assays were used to identify potenti...

The seasonal variation in lower trophic level ecosystem of Hakata Bay, Japan is investigated using observed data from April 1993 to March 1994 and a numerical ecosystem model. Primary production was largest in September 1993 due to high DIP concentration but secondary production was largest in August 1993 due to high water temperature. Yearly averaged primary production in Hakata Bay is larger ...

The gap between airborne imaging spectroscopy and traditional multi spectral satellite sensors is decreasing thanks to a new generation of satellite sensors of which CHRIS mounted on the small and low-cost PROBA satellite is the prototype. Although image acquisition and analysis are still in a test phase, the high spatial and spectral resolution and pointability have proved their potential. Bec...