BACKGROUND Similar to lipid emulsion propofol, microemulsion propofol also causes a high incidence of pain during intravenous injection. Various methods have been used to minimize the incidence and severity of pain on injection of lipid emulsion propofol. In this study, we investigated the effect of a lidocaine mixture on pain induced by microemulsion propofol injection, and sought to determine...

PURPOSE To compare the effectiveness of topical and subconjunctival anesthesia in intravitreal injection administrations. METHODS Twenty-eight patients from a university clinic with bilateral diabetic macular edema were prospectively randomized to receive intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone under topical anesthesia for one eye and subconjunctival anesthesia for the other eye by using...

Background: Intravenous injection is a medical procedure, often accompanied by pain and distress in children. Thus the reduction of such pain and distress becomes the responsibility of health care professionals to an extent as possible while maintaining patient safety by using various pharmacological and non pharmacological interventions. Method: A quasi experimental study was undertaken on chi...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of lumbar facet joint injection for piriformis myofascial pain syndrome. METHODS Fifty-two patients with chronic myofascial pain in the piriformis muscle each received a lumbar facet injection into the ipsilateral L5-S1 facet joint region, using the multiple insertion technique. Subjective pain intensity, trunk ext...

Background: Post-hemorrhoidectomy pain is common, usually temporary, and responsive to analgesics. However, some patients experience prolonged, intractable anal pain, which refractory conventional analgesics adversely effects quality of life. We aimed evaluate the efficacy a combination injection containing local anesthesia steroids for treatment post-hemorrhoidectomy pain.

Objectives: Evaluation of the outcome and effects fluoroscopic transforaminal epidural steroid injections in long term patients having back pain with radicular leg pain. Background Data: Many studies have evaluated efficacy traditional trans sacral (caudal) or translaminar (lumbar) administration steroids, no assessed specifically therapeutic value steroids. Study Design: A prospective study th...

BACKGROUND Evidence for opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) has been shown in animal and human studies, but the clinical implications of this phenomenon remain unclear. OBJECTIVES We examined whether cancer patients taking opioids differ in their sensitivity to a clinical pain stimulus using a local anesthetic injection compared to those not taking opioids. We also evaluated the effect of the o...

BACKGROUND The perceived pain on injection site caused by subcutaneous (SC) self-injection may negatively affect acceptance and adherence to treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Pain on injection may be caused by inaccurate injection technique, inadequate needle length adjustment, or repeated use of the same injection body area. However, information is lacking concerning the opti...

conclusions: the reduction of propofol injection pain was observed by using medications (in comparison with normal saline), but it was more significant in groups g and l. moreover, hypotension was higher in groups s and g and it was lessened in group p. patients and methods: this is an interventional study containing 336 patients underwent elective orthopedic surgeries in educational hospitals ...