This paper investigates the different effects of chaotic switching on Parrondo's games, as compared to random and periodic switching. The rate of winning of Parrondo's games with chaotic switching depends on coefficient(s) defining the chaotic generator, initial conditions of the chaotic sequence and the proportion of Game A played. Maximum rate of winning can be obtained with all the above men...

We firstly present a generalized concept of higher-order differentiability for fuzzy functions. Then we interpret Nth-order fuzzy differential equations using this concept. We introduce new definitions of solution to fuzzy differential equations. Some examples are provided for which both the new solutions and the former ones to the fuzzy initial value problems are presented and compared. We pre...

We prove existence and uniqueness of strong generalized entropy solution to the Cauchy problem for an infinite dimensional system of Keyfitz-Kranzer type, in which the unknown vector takes its value in an arbitrary Banach space. We study the Cauchy problem for an equation ut + (φ(‖u‖)u)x = 0 (1) with initial condition u(0, x) = u0(x). (2) Here the unknown vector u = u(t, x) is defined in a half...

CP violation may have played a crucial role in the formation of matter in the universe. It must have, if the inflationary cosmology is right, thus ruling out the (very unpalatable) possibility that the baryon asymmetry was an initial condition of the Big Bang. If inflation took place, as most of us believe based on the growing observational evidence, it made the universe devoid of matter and se...

Evidences show that besides their incredible performance, private BitTorrent communities which employ credit-based contribution incentives can also confront with system seize-up. Although the sustainability of these communities can be established in a wide range of system parameters, it is still not fully understood under what initial conditions can this be assured. In this paper, with the usag...

Group formation strategies have the goal of providing the participating students with the good initial conditions for collaborative learning. Continuing with the existing methods to set up the initial conditions to make peer interaction more likely happen, we propose a method for dynamically recomposing learning groups based on intra-group iteration analysis to optimize the learning group forma...

We study a class of generalized inflation models in which the inflaton is coupled to the Ricci scalar by a general f(φ,R) term. The scalar power spectrum, the spectral index, the running of the spectral index, the tensor mode spectrum and a new consistency relation of the model are calculated. We discuss in detail the issues of how to diagonize the coupled perturbation equations, how to deal wi...

With the rapid development of e-government, cross-sector collaboration has been one of the most important issues to academia and practitioners. Although collaboration was a classical topic in public administration research, digital age and e-government environment complicate the related issues from multi-perspectives. Based on accumulated literature in the public administration research area an...

Let f and g be two smooth vector fields on a manifold M . Given a submanifold S of M , we study the local structure of time-optimal trajectories for the single-input control-affine system q̇ = f(q) + ug(q) with the initial condition q(0) ∈ S. When the codimension s of S in M is small (s ≤ 4) and the system has a small codimension singularity at a point q0 ∈ S, we prove that all timeoptimal traje...

In this work, an economic growth model with endogenous labor shift under a dual economy is given. It is proved that the model has unique nonzero equilibrium and its solution is globally asymptotically stable, and the aggregate capital growth of the industrial sector and the labor shift appear in eight different patterns at different initial conditions. c © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.