intentional and unintentional injuries;healthy approach references haddon wjr, suchman e, klein d. accident research: methods and approaches. harper & row publishers, chicago, il, usa. 1964. global burden of diseases, world health organization, http://www.who.int/topics/global_burden_of_disease/en/ date of access, sept. 2012. iranian census center. http://www.amar.org.ir/ , date of access augus...

OBJECTIVE to investigate the beneficial effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) in treating acute lung injury induced by steam inhalation. DESIGN a prospective, randomized, controlled, multiple group study. SETTING an animal research centre laboratory in a university burns centre. SUBJECTS New Zealand rabbits (n = 30; 2.25 ± 0.25 kg) o...

Assault by burning is a serious form of trauma that often results in higher incidence of inhalation injury, longer intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, and higher mortality rate than is observed in the general burn population. We evaluated the epidemiology and outcome of assault burn victims treated in a tertiary burn center over a 6-year period. Among the 1063 acute burn patients who h...

Dear Sir, Surgical protocols were introduced by the Adult Burn Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, in early 2005,1 documenting both instructions and techniques. Underlying these protocols is the need for expeditious burn excision. Where lower airway inhalation injury coexists, there appears to be a “surgical window” that opens at the time of the burn injury and closes 48 to 72 hours later. Althou...

BACKGROUND After injury, there is a synergistic response between inflammation and coagulation systems. We hypothesized that combining markers of these processes and standard clinical indices would improve early prediction of in- hospital mortality in burned and nonburned trauma patients. METHODS Patients admitted to the surgical or burn intensive care unit within 24 hours of injury with an an...

mixture of suspended small particles, fumes, and gases. More than 400 toxic compounds have been demonstrated in the smoke of a typical house fire. Polyvinyl chloride, a component of many plastic goods, generates at least 75 different toxic products when burned. Of these toxic substances, carbon monoxide (CO) appears to be the most common fatal substance associated with fire victims. Thermal inh...

The breathing rate monitoring is an important measure in medical applications and daily physical activities. contact sensors have shown their effectiveness for been mostly used as a standard reference, but with some disadvantages example burns patients vulnerable skins. Contactless systems are then gaining attention respiratory frequency detection. We propose new non-contact technique to estima...