Recently, the author suggested a simple and composite equation of state by incorporating fundamental thermodynamic properties like heat capacities into her earlier concise equation of state for gases based on free volume and molecular association / dissociation. This work brings new results for aqueous solutions, based on the analogy of the equation of state for gases and solutions over wide ra...

The frequent misunderstanding of information entropy is pointed out. It is shown that, contrary to fortuitous situations and common beliefs, there is no general interrelation between the information entropy and the thermodynamical entropy. We point out that the change of information entropy during measurement is determined by the resolution of the measurement instrument and these changes do not...

Entropies of uncertain random variables are introduced to provide some kinds of quantitative measurement of the uncertainty. In chance theory, a concept of entropy for uncertain random variables has been defined by using logarithm. However, such an entropy fails to measure the uncertain degree of some uncertain random variables. For solving this problem, this paper firstly define the elliptic e...

A novel and simple method for identification of targets in infrared (IR) images is proposed in this chapter. The input image is divided into blocks of fixed size. The saliency map is extracted block-wise in three different ways. In the first approach, the entropy of each block is compared with the global entropy of the image. In the second approach, the energy of each block is compared with the...

In this study, a method combining radar and entropy was proposed to design a rainfall network. Owing to the shortage of rain gauges in mountain areas, weather radars are used to measure rainfall over catchments. The major advantage of radar is that it is possible to observe rainfall widely in a short time. However, the rainfall data obtained by radar do not necessarily correspond to that observ...

We study the build up of complexity on the example of 1 kg matter in different forms. We start with the simplest example of ideal gases, and then continue with more complex chemical, biological, life, social and technical structures. We assess the complexity of these systems quantitatively, based on their entropy. We present a method to attribute the same entropy to known physical systems and t...

We., generalize the c~:mcept of perfect graphs in terms of additivity of a functional called graph entropy. The latter is an information theoretic functional on a graph G with a probability distribution P on its vertex set. For any fixed P it is .sub-additive with respect to graE._h union. The entropy of the complete graph equals the sum of those of G and its complement G iff G is perfect. We '...

We produce a series of results extending information-theoretical inequalities (discussed by Dembo–Cover–Thomas in 1989-1991) to a weighted version of entropy. The resulting inequalities involve the Gaussian weighted entropy; they imply a number of new relations for determinants of positive-definite matrices.

• The entropy is a state function: S = S(state). Furthermore, it is additive; S12 = S1 + S2 for a system with subsystems 1 and 2. • Entropy is unchanged in a reversible state change. That is, S(f) = S(i) and so ∆S = 0. For a reversible state change, entropy increases: S(f) > S(i), and so ∆S > 0. In all cases, ∆S ≥ 0. • When heat is added to a system, then the entropy changes by an amount propor...

We import a duality notion coming from polymatroids to define duality for information inequalities. We show that the entropy region for n ≥ 5 is not closed under duality. Our result answers an open question of Matùš [13] (1992).