The relation between antineuraminidase antibody (A.N.) and natural influenza infection in 1968 was investigated in the community of Tecumseh, Michigan. The outbreak was caused by Hong Kong influenza virus, which contained a new hæmagglutinin antigen (H3), while the neuraminidase antigen (N2) was more closely related to that of Asian viruses circulating since 1957. In the study group of tw...

Influenza complement fixation tests designed for use with ferret serum are described. Complement-fixing antigens derived from influenza ferret lungs were unsatisfactory due to their low content of soluble antigen; those prepared from mouse lungs or developing chick embryo membranes proved to be better antigenically and were reliable when the various reagents in the test were properly adjusted t...

The potency of influenza vaccine is determined based on its hemagglutinin (HA) content. In general, single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) assay has been utilized as the standard method to measure HA content. However, preparation of reagents for SRID such as antigen and antibody takes approximately 2~3 months, which causes delays in the development of influenza vaccine. Therefore, quantification ...

Preparations of Type B influenza virus, propagated in the embryonated egg and obtained in the form of allantoic fluid, were found after heating at 56 degrees C. for 30 minutes to retain the capacity to agglutinate erythrocytes but no longer measured specific antibody when used as antigen in titrations of serum antibody. The dissociation of the two activities suggests the presence in such virus ...

The advantages, disadvantages, and uses of serological epidemiology are discussed in relation to acute respiratory infections in military personnel. The prevalence of antibody reflects both current and past experience with respiratory agents and is a measure of susceptinility. Incidence data calculated by testing two serial serum samples, on entry and discharge from the service, has indicated...

The successful isolation of a human influenza virus in 1933 was soon followed by the first attempts to develop an influenza vaccine. Nowadays, vaccination is still the most effective method to prevent human influenza disease. However, licensed influenza vaccines offer protection against antigenically matching viruses, and the composition of these vaccines needs to be updated nearly every year. ...

Current influenza vaccines mostly aim at the induction of specific neutralizing antibodies. While antibodies are important for protection against a particular virus strain, T cells can recognize epitopes that will offer broader protection against influenza. We have previously developed a DNA vaccine format by which protein antigens can be targeted specifically to receptors on antigen presenting...

we studied the safety of a trivalent inactivated surface antigen (split virion, inactivated) influenza vaccine, begrivac® (novartis company), widely used in health care workers in kurdistan. a longitudinal follow-up study was performed in sanandaj city, west of iran, recruiting 936 people. a questionnaire was completed for each participant, and all symptoms or abnormal physical findings were re...

viral infections are the cause of great economic losses in the poultry industry. development of appropriate reagents and serological diagnostic kits will help to control these infections. the aim of this study is to prepare a peroxidase labeled anti-chicken igg using a mab (5b8) against chicken igg, for detection of chicken antibodies in elisa. hybridoma cells producing the mab 5b8 were culture...