نتایج جستجو برای: infection route
تعداد نتایج: 520101 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Across the placenta infections include Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum, Listeria monocytogenes, Plasmodium falciparum (malaria), rubella and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Ascending maternal infection and chorioamnionitis causing fetal infection, usually subsequent to prolonged rupture of membranes. Perinatal infection acquired during birth via the haematogenous or genital route. These include hu...
The experiments described were designed to provide information on the infectivity of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus for birds by the respiratory route. Laboratory studies by Chamberlain (2) showed that wild birds, including pigeons, could be infected with VEE virus by mosquito bite or by subcutaneous (sc) injection of virus. Overt signs of disease were absent in avian hosts, but vir...
One of the most important issues related to public health is parasitic diseases. Many diseases are zoonotic, emerging or re-emerging zoonoses, prevalent and difficult to control [1]. Some of these diseases such as leishmaniasis, malaria, Chagas disease and so on are vectorborne causing by pathogens transmitted by arthropods [2-4]. Some others are foodor water-borne so that contaminated food or ...
Background: Hantaviruses are zoonotic agents that cause hemorrhagic fevers and are thought to be transmitted to humans by exposure to aerosolized excreta of infected rodents. Puumala virus (PUUV) is the predominant endemic hantavirus in Europe. A large proportion of PUUV-infected patients suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms of unclear origin. In this study we demonstrate that PUUV infection c...
This study followed the early pathogenesis of orally induced murine typhoid fever. Intragastrically administered Salmonella enteritidis moves quickly through the normal undisturbed gut so that only a small residuum remains in the cecum and large intestine after the first few hours. Dye injection of the gut wall was used to show that lymph from discrete portions of the gastrointestinal tract dra...
Reduction of risk for human and food animal infection with Toxoplasma gondii is hampered by the lack of epidemiological data documenting the predominant routes of infection (oocyst vs. tissue cyst consumption) in horizontally transmitted toxoplasmosis. Existing serological assays can determine previous exposure to the parasite, but not the route of infection. We have used difference gel electro...
HIV infection by maternal transmission is increasing in the world due to the increase in infected women who are not receiving appropriate antiretroviral therapy. Prognosis of HIV infection in children is poor because the newborn has an immature immune system. Early diagnosis and therapy are needed to avoid the development of AIDS. New therapies are becoming available but prevention of infection...
background tubercle bacilli most often are transmitted from one person by the airborne route. the aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of latent tuberculosis infection and active pulmonary tuberculosis among patients with chronic psychiatric disorders in hamedan. patients and methods in a cross sectional study, 215 patients with chronic psychiatric disorders were investigated...
Background: Transfusion-Transmitted Virus (TTV) is a nonenveloped, single-stranded and circular DNA virus belongs to circuviridae family genus Anellovirus, discovered by Nishizawa in 1997. As the usage of common syringes is the known and most common route of the virus transmission, and because of increasing population of Injection drug users (IDU) we decided to study infection rate in IDU popul...
Rotavirus (RV) is the main etiological agent of severe gastroenteritis in infants, and vaccination seems the most effective way to control the disease. Recombinant rotavirus-like particles composed of the viral protein 6 (VP6) and VP2 (2/6-VLPs) have been reported to induce protective immunity in mice when administered by the intranasal (i.n.) route. In this study, we show that administration o...
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