Social stratification theories articulate the processes by which social hierarchies are generated and perpetuated. This paper contributes to that literature, exploring the relationship between macroeconomic outcomes and racial/ethnic and gender inequalities in industrial and developing economies. A key factor in the relationship between the macroeconomy and intergroup inequality is that inequal...

Weakly relational numeric domains express restricted classes of linear inequalities that strike a balance between what can be described and what can be efficiently computed. Such domains often restrict their attention of TVPI constraints which are systems of constraints where each constraint involves, at most, two variables. This technical report addresses the problem of deriving an incremental...

The posterior distribution of the number of components k in a finite mixture satisfies a set of inequality constraints. The result holds irrespective of the parametric form of the mixture components and under assumptions on the prior distribution weaker than those routinely made in the literature on Bayesian analysis of finite mixtures. The inequality constraints can be used to perform an “inte...

The weighted degree heuristic is among the state of the art generic variable ordering strategies in constraint programming. However, it was often observed that when using large arity constraints, its efficiency deteriorates significantly since it loses its ability to discriminate variables. A possible answer to this drawback is to weight a conflict set rather than the entire scope of a failed c...

The posterior distribution of the number of components k in a finite mixture satisfies a set of inequality constraints. The result holds irrespective of the parametric form of the mixture components and under assumptions on the prior distribution weaker than those routinely made in the literature on Bayesian analysis of finite mixtures. The inequality constraints can be used to perform an “inte...

We analyze the so-called ppz algorithm for (d, k)-CSP problems for general values of d (number of values a variable can take) and k (number of literals per constraint). To analyze its success probability, we prove a correlation inequality for submodular functions.

This solution satisfies the cardinality constraint because exactly k of the variables x1, . . . , xm are set to 1 and the rest are set to 0. The solution also satisfies the coverage constraints for all j ∈ {1, . . . ,n}. If y j = 0, then the corresponding coverage constraint is satisfied because all xi values are nonnegative. Otherwise, if y j = 1, then u j is covered by C, which means that one...

This paper describes an algorithm that can be used to effectively solve polynomial constraints over finite domains. Such constraints are expressed in terms of inequalities of polynomials with integer coefficients whose variables are assumed to be defined over proper finite domains. The proposed algorithm first reduces each constraint to a canonical form, i.e., a specific form of inequality, the...

Regional economic inequality is a persistent problem for all nations. Meanwhile, satellite-derived night-time light (NTL) data have been extensively used as an efficient proxy measure for economic activity. This study firstly proposes a new method for correction of the NTL data derived from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) aboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnershi...

Disposable income inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient and using the Family Budget Survey data, increased very little, and by a similar amount, from 1989 to 1993 in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. This surprising result is examined with an analysis of changes in the channels of redistribution and a Gini decomposition. We find that the sizeable increase in overall inequality due to c...