critical thinking ability has an important role in education. accordingly, scholars around the world are searching for new ways for teaching and improving students critical thinking ability. in line with the studies in efl contexts supporting the positive relationship between critical thinking and writing performances, this study investigated the differential effects of halverson’s critical thi...

the purpose of this study was to examine the comparative effect of story retelling and role playing on efl learners’ vocabulary learning and reading comprehension. to carry out the purpose of the study 90 female learners of tabarestan language school located in noshahr were non-randomly selected. they took pet test and among these 90 participants 62 students were selected as homogenous learners...

‘romanticism’ and ‘romantic’ are among the most controversial terms in literature. most readers, when encountering these words, would think of the well-known period of romanticism of the first three decades of the nineteenth century and the great six english poets known as ‘the big six’ of this period. however, romanticism does not belong to certain artists in a special period; one may seek ele...

this study investigated the functions, types and frequencies of code switching in the teachers and students discourse in elt classrooms. to this end, the participants of this study including two groups of teachers and students were selected. the first group of participants were two efl teachers teaching general english courses (at two different levels of proficiency) in an institutional program...

In order to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria on phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency, mycorrhizal dependence and grain yield and dry matter yield of maize under water deficit conditions, a field experiment was conducted as split-split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments in...

abstract the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a rather newly developed method in language teaching that is the use of paragraph reading task and whole reading task and their effects on improving efl learner’s speaking ability. to fulfill the purpose of the study, first 90 participants studying their course at sa eedi high school in tehran were chosen by means of ...

Extended Abstract Introduction and Objective: In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of main elements and micronutrients on morpho-physiological and yield traits of rice plants with the aim of increasing yield and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, experiments in the cropping years 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 in the research farms of Nowshahr city (Mazandaran) was implemen...