Probiotics are microorganisms which confer health benefits upon application in sufficiently-high viable cell amounts. Probiotics are typically members of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species commonly associated with human gastrointestinal tracts. In the recent past, there has been a rising interest in producing functional foods containing encapsulated probiotic bacteria. Recent studies hav...

to prepare hemagglutination inhibition (hi) antigen the egg drop syndrome virus (edsv) was propagated in 10-day-old embryonated duck eggs. the virus antigen was inactivated with two methods including heating (65°c) and adding 0.5% formaldehyde by considering low destroying effect on hemagglutination (ha) and hi titers. the edsv hi titers of 310 sera and 100 yolks obtained from 23 chicken farms ...

23 INTRODUCTION “L ive microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host” (1) is a definition for probiotics proposed through the World Health Organization with implications that the microorganisms be specifically identified and benefits be scientifically defined and proven. The current reality is that the field of probiotics is an area of health car...

The date of the original protocol was January 2004 2 SUMMARY Background. Atopic diseases are increasing in countries with a Western lifestyle. The hygiene hypothesis states that the increase in atopic disease could be due to reduced exposure to microbial antigens in early in life. In search of new preventive therapies for atopic disease, exposure of pregnant women with previous or recent atopic...

Most studies investigated probiotics on food hypersensitivity, not on oral food challenge confirmed food allergy in children. The authors systematically reviewed the literature to investigate whether probiotic supplementation prenatally and/or postnatally could reduce the risk of atopy and food hypersensitivity in young children.PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials...

Over the years, probiotics have been used in the treatment of a variety of diseases. The use of probiotics in the treatment of periodontal disease has caught on over the last decade or so. This review was performed to determine whether administration of probiotics produced a lasting clinical benefit in the treatment of periodontal disease. A MEDLINE, Cochrane database and a hand search was perf...

Gut-derived bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and subsequent hepatic toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation have been recognized to be involved in the onset of diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but little is known about the variation of LPS and TLR4 during the progression of NAFLD. Probiotics were able to inhibit proliferation of harmful bacteria and improve gastrointestin...

Poultry feed is often supplemented with probiotics in order to improve disease resistance and growth performance and to decrease undesirable effects of antibacterial therapy. Therefore this study was designed to evaluate the effect of probiotics such as Lactobacillus brevis, L. plantarum and L. bulgaricus on pharmacokinetics of doxycycline in healthy DUC broiler chickens. The treatment with dox...

BACKGROUND Whether probiotics are beneficial at all stages of treatment in inflammatory bowel disease or superior to placebo remains controversial. METHODS Two reviewers independently selected randomized controlled trials comparing probiotics with controls in inflammatory bowel disease and extracted data related to remission/response rates, relapse rates, and adverse events. Subanalyses were ...