The main challenge with particle filtering is particle degeneracy and the accurate estimation cannot be achieved generally because of serious impoverishment problem, although resampling operation could solve degeneracy to a certain extent. In this paper, we propose an improved particle filtering approach based on biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm, called BBO-PF, for state estimati...

Research shows households are more likely to be poor in rural versus urban America. Does this phenomenon partly reflect that people who choose rural residence have unmeasured attributes related to human impoverishment? To address this, two models are estimated using Panel Study of Income Dynamics data. A single equation Probit model of household poverty replicates the well-documented finding of...

In what case do you like reading so much? What about the type of the financing health in latin america vol 1 household spending and impoverishment book? The needs to read? Well, everybody has their own reason why should read some books. Mostly, it will relate to their necessity to get knowledge from the book and want to read just to get entertainment. Novels, story book, and other entertaining ...

We propose a nonlinear lter for estimating the trajectory of a random walk on a matrix Lie group with constant computational complexity. It is based on a nite-dimensional approximation of the conditional distribution of the state given past measurements via a set of fair samples, which are updated at each step and proven to be consistent with the updated conditional distribution. The algorithm ...

This paper combines differences-in-differences with propensity score matching to estimate the impacts of a health reform project in China that combined supply-side interventions aimed at improving the effectiveness and quality of care with demand-side measures aimed at expanding health insurance and providing financial support to the very poor. Data from household, village and facility surveys ...

The savanna, typically found in the sub-tropics and seasonal tropics, are the dominant vegetation biome type in the southern hemisphere, covering approximately 45% of the South America. In Brazil, the savanna, locally known as “cerrado,” is the most intensely stressed biome with both natural environmental pressures (e.g., the strong seasonality in weather, extreme soil nutrient impoverishment, ...

The discourse of individuals with fragile X syndrome has been described as fragmented, tangential, and associatively connected, resulting in autobiographical narratives that are incoherent and difficult to understand. In this article, the authors discuss the case of an adolescent female with moderate mental retardation due to fragile X syndrome. The analysis of her autobiographical stories, rat...

This chapter assesses the impact of HIV/AIDS on the functioning of the economy, its GDP growth and the growth of the main sectors. In most developing economies, even a moderate AIDS-induced decline in the rate of growth leads – in the absence of a robust public policy response to a considerable impoverishment of families and children and to a gradual fall in the long term growth of the economy ...

HELGA TAWIL SOURI ABSTRACT Continuing the discussion from Development 48.3 Helga Tawil Souri argues that since 1993 American development projects in the Palestinian territories have focused on ‘peace-building’. Tawil Souri underlines that peace-oriented American funding has not strengthened the Palestinian economy but marginalized indigenous civic institutions, resulting in further impoverishme...

The aim of this paper is to present confirmation of the theory of the diffusion effect. By diffusion effect is understood a redistribution of the ions in a system where a continuous diffusion of one electrolyte is going on, which results in a steady state showing accumulation and impoverishment of certain ions. Some typical experiments are recorded and discussed. The results are found in satisf...