background aging often accompanies declines in muscular capabilities that hinder the performance of daily functions. one of the paramount objectives in occupational therapy is preserving clients’ independence through their ability to conduct instrumental daily living activities. objectives the current study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of two subscales of the independent livin...

background: the present study compared lethal concentrations (lc50-96 h) of cdcl2, crcl3, and pb (no3)2 between two scaled and scaleless freshwater fish species: cyprinus carpio (cyprinidae) and pangasius hypophthalmus (pangasiidae). methods: the experimental fishes were obtained from fish markets/ponds with average lengths and weights of approximately 11.68 ±1.92 and 9.8±1.9 cm, and 25.92±6.3 ...