A piezometric head method is proposed to estimate the impermeable layer depth used in drain spacing formulae. The method was tested and compared with soil texture changes and the US Bureau of Reclamation (USBR, 1978) criterion of impermeable layer being one with hydraulic conductivity one tenth to one fifth that of the weighted hydraulic conductivity of the upper layers. The proposed method, wh...

Vesicles composed of a phosphatidylethanolamine derivative with a cyclopropyl-containing interfacial region are twenty-seven times less permeable than vesicles composed of a closely related analogue.

This paper examines the feasibility of using calcium-based biocement to form an impermeable crust on top of a sand layer. The biocement used was a mixture of calcium salt, urea, and bacterial suspension, which hydrolyzed urea with production of carbonate and an increase of the pH level. Applying 0.6 g of Ca per c m 2 of sand surface, the permeability of the biocemented sand can be reduced from ...

Successful growth of Mycobacterium lepraemurium has been achieved by use of a specialized diffusion chamber technique. The cell-impermeable porous chambers were maintained in animals for periods up to 50 days with and without macrophages and LM cells. A generation time of 6 to 8 days was found for the acid-fast bacilli in chambers containing macrophages when maintained in the mouse. Also, cell-...

Bax is a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins. The Bax protein is dormant in the cytosol of normal cells and is activated upon induction of apoptosis. In apoptotic cells, Bax gets translocated to mitochondria, inserts into the outer membrane, oligomerizes and triggers the release of cytochrome c, possibly by channel formation. The BH3 domain-only protein Bid induces a conformatio...

Abstract. The effective pressure sensitivity of gas flow through two shales (Bowland and Haynesville shales) a tight sandstone (Pennant sandstone) was measured over the typical range reservoir conditions. These are low-permeability rocks such as can be exploited cap above reservoirs that might developed to store compressed air, methane, or hydrogen bury waste carbon dioxide, all which may becom...