When a human operator performs a task via a bilateral manipulator, the “feel” of the task is embodied in the mechanical impedance of the manipulator. ’Ikaditiody, a bilateral manipulator is designed for transparency; i.e., so that the impedance reflected through the manipulator closely approximates that of the task. “Impedance shaping bilateral control,” introduced here, differs in that it trea...

OBJECTIVES Changes in impedance between 24 hours and one month after cochlear implantation have never been explored due to the inability to switch on within one day. This study examined the effect of early activation (within 24 hours) on the evolution of electrode impedance with the aim of providing information on the tissue-to-electrode interface when electrical stimulation was commenced one d...

The limited usefulness of the maximum power transfer theorem in practice is argued. Inappropriately, the utility and value of the maximum power transfer theorem are often elevated to be religious icons of electrical engineering. While the theorem appears to be useful, often in real circuits the load impedance is not set equal to the complex conjugate of the equivalent impedance of the connectin...

The dynamic impedance of a sphere oscillating in an elastic medium is considered. Oestreicher's [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 23, 707-714 (1951)] formula for the impedance of a sphere bonded to the surrounding medium can be expressed in a relatively simple form in terms of three lumped impedances associated with the displaced mass and the longitudinal and transverse waves. If the surface of the sphere s...

The measurement of the electrical impedance inside the esophagus provides information about its status, and is being explored in the study of the gastroesophageal reflux. This paper presents theoretical computation of impedance inside the esophagus. The results of the numerical solution for a simple geometry are compared against the solution formulated from the Green's function approach. The ef...

This paper reports on the impedimetric investigation of glucose concentrations present in the human blood by using impedance sensing devices with different working electrode areas. It is evident from the experiment that, the impedance value increases with the increase of glucose concentration in blood and the trend follows in all the devices with various electrode areas. The measured complex ad...

This work is focused on impedance control of robot manipulators performing six-degree-of-freedom interaction tasks. An energy-based formulation leads to formally deriving the dynamic equation characterizing a mechanical impedance at the end effector. An inverse dynamics strategy with contact force and moment measurement is adopted to obtain a configurationindependent desired impedance. For give...

The paper describes a fast and simple method to find the deviation of impedance of different tissues from the average values known from the literature. A technique similar to the Electrical Impedance Tomography is used assuming the geometry of organs to be known. To find the individual impedance deviations, we assume that the change of the surface potentials depends linearly on a small (up to 1...

Does it make sense to make impedance spectroscopy in non-stationary conditions? And if yes, how should one analyze the results? The main goal of this work is to give a satisfactory answer to these two questions. Regarding the first question and according to the usual interpretation of the concept of impedance, the answer should be no, because impedance is not defined as timedependent and, there...

1. Introduction The development of a real-time, in-service structural health monitoring and damage detection technique has recently attracted a large number of academic and industrial researchers. The goal of this research is to allow systems and structures to monitor their own integrity while in operation and throughout their lives in order to prevent catastrophic failures and to reduce the co...