the environment impact assessment studies have started with the approval environment impact assessment pattern by sustainable development committee in 1997, but theirs reports are prepared with the different qualities and generally are not comprehensive. therefore, for considering all aspects of environment, complimentary studis are neccessary. althoagh many of iran’s dams have environment impa...

Health impact assessment (HIA) attempts an extremely difficult task. It tries not only to project the impacts of policies, programmes and developments on public health but to influence the political decision-making process on the basis of its findings. Given its high ambitions, it is not surprising that governments have encountered difficulties in institutionalizing HIA within the process of ma...

this brief commentary seeks to develop the analysis of daniels, porteny and urrutia of the implications of expansion of the scope of health technology assessment (hta) beyond issues of safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. drawing in particular on experience in the united kingdom, it suggests that such expansion can be understood not only as a response to the problem of insufficiency of evi...

The health and well-being benefits of access to green space are well documented. Research suggests positive findings regardless of social group, however barriers exist that limit access to green space, including proximity, geography and differing social conditions. Current public health policy aims to broaden the range of environmental public health interventions through effective partnership w...

Informal settlement upgrading is widely recognized for enhancing shelter and promoting economic development, yet its potential to improve health equity is usually overlooked. Almost one in seven people on the planet are expected to reside in urban informal settlements, or slums, by 2030. Slum upgrading is the process of delivering place-based environmental and social improvements to the urban p...

STUDY AIM The aim of this project is to identify from a range of sources the factors associated with the success of a health impact assessment (HIA) in integrating health considerations into the final decision and implementation of a planned policy, programme, or project. DESIGN Three methods were adopted: (a) a review of HIA case studies; (b) a review of commentaries, reviews and discussion ...

High-volume horizontal hydraulic fracturing, a controversial new mining technique used to drill for shale gas, is being implemented worldwide. Chemicals used in the process are known neurotoxins, carcinogens, and endocrine disruptors. People who live near shale gas drilling sites report symptoms that they attribute to contaminated air and water. When they seek help from clinicians, a diagnosis ...

Richard Seymour was appointed the first Inspector of Nuisances in Sydney in 1884. His work approving and inspecting opium dens, privies, abattoirs and tanneries contained many of the elements we now call health impact assessment (HIA). Indeed the entire corpus of planning and environmental protection legislation and the building codes have encoded provisions which are a distillation of the accu...

BACKGROUND The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) is a self-report measure developed to evaluate patients with shoulder pathology. While some validation has been conducted, broader analyses are indicated. This study determined aspects of cross-sectional and longitudinal validity of the SPADI. METHODS Community volunteers (n = 129) who self-identified as having shoulder pain were enrol...