INTRODUCTION GB virus C (GBV-C) or hepatitis G virus (HGV) is an enveloped, RNA positive-stranded flavivirus-like particle. E2 envelope protein of GBV-C plays an important role in virus entry into the cytosol, genotyping and as a marker for diagnosing GBV-C infections. Also, there is discussion on relations between E2 protein and gp41 protein of HIV. The purposes of our study are to multi aspec...

Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and activation of CD8(+) T cells is crucial for a protective immune response. Therefore, the identification of antigens with major histocompatibility complex class I epitopes is a crucial step for vaccine development against T. cruzi. Our aim was to identify novel antigens and epitopes by immunoinformatics analysis of the par...

In the past decade, information technology has enabled synergistic advances in key domains of immunological research including the development of diagnostics and vaccines. Computational methods of epitope mapping now play instrumental roles in bench experiments, by facilitating the selection of immunogenic targets and the modeling of downstream cellular responses. In this article, we summarize ...

Avian Encephalomyelitis (AE) is the disease caused by avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV). The mainly affects young birds nervous system worldwide causing high morbidity and variable mortality rate in chicks noticed egg dropping hatchability mature hens. Vaccination only way to control AEV infection since there no treatment yet encephalomyelitis. This study aimed use immunoinformatics approache...

In December 2019, cases of mysterious pneumonia were first reported in Wuhan, Initially, the diseasewas temporarily named as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), then WHO announced a new name onFebruary 11, 2020, namely Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) which is caused by virus Severe AcuteRespiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This can be transmitted from person toperson and has spread w...