PAX8 is a transcription factor with a role in ontogenesis of the urinary tract. The aim of the present investigation was to investigate PAX8 expression in normal bladder and in non-invasive urothelial tumours. Nine cases of normal urothelial mucosa, 2 cases of papillary urothelial neoplasia of low malignant potential, 12 cases of low grade non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma and 16 case...

BACKGROUND It has been shown that hosphodiesterases (PDEs) play an important role in mediating the smooth muscle tone of rat urinary bladder. However, the gene expression profiles of them were still unknown. METHODS Urinary bladder Strips were obtained from both neonatal and adult Sprague-Dawley rats. RT-PCR/western blot and organ bath were used to measure the expression and function of PDEs....

BACKGROUND Urinary bladder cancer is the third leading cancer in male in Turkey. The incidence rates of bladder cancer are 13.0 and 2.1/100,000 for males and females, respectively, in Turkey. Smoking and occupation are the main causes of urinary bladder cancer. Our goal was to investigate the etiologic factors of urinary bladder cancer in our region to improve our preventive services. METHODS...

The mammalian urinary bladder exhibits transepithelial Na+ absorption that contributes to Na+ gradients established by the kidney. Electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that electrogenic Na+ absorption across the urinary bladder is mediated in part by amiloride-sensitive Na+ channels situated within the apical membrane of the bladder epithelium. We have used a combination of in situ hy...

introduction bladder cancer is the most common malignancy in elderly people and most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas (tcc). bladder pathology is usually investigated visually by cystoscopy and this technique can represent different conditions ranging from simple inflammation to flat cis. however, biopsies must be taken from the suspected area to obtain diagnostic information. t...

Introduction: Cases of patients with inguinoscrotal hernia containing the urinary bladder are very rare. These patients usually present with frequent episodes of urinary tract infection, difficulty in walking, pollakisuria and difficulty in initiating micturition because of incarceration of the urinary bladder into the scrotum. Case presentation: We describe the case of an 80-year-old Caucasian...

Small nerve fibers are difficult to immunostain with routinely formalin-fixed and paraffin- embedded sections. Normal tissues except central nervous system not densely innervated compared distributed lymphatic blood vessels properly preserved in the paraffin-embedded tissues. Nerve density technique skin punch biopsy is an established method using 50 µm tissue sections, which initially fixative...

HER2/neu is a defective transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor, homologue to the epidermal growth factor receptor, showing overexpression in a large variety of tumor cells. There are no studies published so far regarding HER2/neu overexpression and sensitivity of the urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder to anti-HER2/neu therapy. There are a relatively high number of articles in the literatu...

Primary tumors of the appendix are rare, while malignant villous adenoma of the appendix invading the urinary bladder is extremely uncommon. We reported the present case of a 63-year-old male with malignant villous adenoma of the appendix invading the urinary bladder. The conventional cystoscope demonstrated a mass at the front right side wall of the urinary bladder, which misdiagnosed as bladd...

This study utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to monitor the real-time status of the urinary bladder in normal and diseased states following cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis, and also examined the role of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in the regulation of urinary bladder hypertrophy in vivo. Our results showed that under MRI visualization the urinary bladder wall wa...