Helminths have evolved to become experts at subverting immune surveillance. Through potent and persistent immune tempering, helminths can remain undetected in human tissues for decades. Redirecting the immunomodulating "talents" of helminths to treat inflammatory human diseases is receiving intensive interest. Here, we review therapies using live parasitic worms, worm secretions, and worm-deriv...

Nanoparticles (NPs) have promising applications in medicine. Immune system is an important protective system to defend organisms from non-self matters. NPs interact with the immune system and modulate its function, leading to immunosuppression or immunostimulation. These modulating effects may bring benefits or danger. Compositions, sizes, and surface chemistry, and so forth, affect these immun...

The spectrum of infectious diseases has shifted in the past 50 years to include those caused by microbes that cause disease predominantly in immunocompromised individuals. This phenomenon has underscored the dependence of microbial virulence on the immune status of the host. The limited efficacy of the available antimicrobial armamentarium in immunocompromised individuals, combined with increas...

Infectious diseases in any age group can be successfully prevented through immunization. Protection provided through immunization in childhood decreases over the years. Immunization in adulthood is important because of the growing elderly population, chronic diseases, and globalization. Recommendations on this subject are being constantly updated through scientific guidelines. Immunization in a...

Approved: __________________________________ Thesis Supervisor __________________________________ Title and Department __________________________________ Date 1 GB VIRUS C INTERACTIONS WITH HIV: EFFECTS ON IMMUNOACTIVATION AND MECHANISMS OF IMMUNOMODULATION

Background: Down-regulation of the lung inflammatory response seems to preserve pulmonary functions and improve survival in COVID-19. The key factor overcoming cytokine storm caused by COVID-19 immunomodulation, rather than immunosuppression. Identifying right mechanism manipulate immune regulatory networks lung—with minimal side effects—represents one many challenges treatment disease. Immunom...