CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) can actively suppress immune responses and thus have substantial therapeutical potential. Clinical application is, however, frustrated by their scarcity, anergic status, and lack of defined specificity. We found that a single injection of a small number of expanded but not fresh HY-specific Tregs protected syngeneic male skin grafts from rejection by immune-...

Th2 cells and mast cells are major sources of IL4, IL5 and IL13, cytokines that mediate immunity against parasites and are also central players in the pathophysiology of asthma, allergy and atopic disease. We asked whether Th2 cells and mast cells, which belong to the lymphoid and myeloid lineages, respectively, use different cis-acting regulatory regions to transcribe the cytokine genes. Compa...

T-bet and GATA3 regulate the CD4+ T cell Th1/Th2 cell fate decision but little is known about the interplay between these factors outside of the murine Ifng and Il4/Il5/Il13 loci. Here we show that T-bet and GATA3 bind to multiple distal sites at immune regulatory genes in human effector T cells. These sites display markers of functional elements, act as enhancers in reporter assays and are ass...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the contribution of pepsin to inflammation attributed to nonacidic gastric reflux via analysis of inflammatory cytokine and cytokine receptor gene expression in pepsin-treated human hypopharyngeal epithelial cells in vitro. STUDY DESIGN Translational research. SETTING This study was performed in an academic research laboratory. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Human hypophary...

The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms of resistance against invading Ascaris suum larvae in pigs. Pigs received a low dose of 100 A. suum eggs daily for 14 weeks. This resulted in a >99% reduction in the number of larvae that could migrate through the host after a challenge infection of 5000 A. suum eggs, compared to naïve pigs. Histological analysis at the site of parasite entry,...

Although French farmers smoke less on average than individuals from the general population, they suffer more from COPD. Exposure to biological and chemical air pollutants in the farm may be the cause of these higher COPD rates. This study investigates the role of bio-contaminants, including the relationship of exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter (of diamete...

Interleukins have been well described in mice and humans. In large domestic animals the situation is drastically different and there is still a need for further researches aiming at identifying all the homologous interleukins and comparing their functions among species. We performed here a bibliometric analysis of all interleukins described in the literature in various large animal species to i...

Abstract Background Infants with bronchiolitis have an increased risk of developing recurrent wheezing and asthma. However, the factors for development after remains controversial. Our study was to investigate post-bronchiolitis wheezing. Methods were enrolled from November 2016 through March 2017. Nasopharyngeal aspirates obtained detection respiratory viruses which analyzed by reverse transcr...

Abstract Rationale On Wright-stained sputum cytospins, eosinophil differential of ≥ 1.2% is considered abnormal, and 2.3% identifies an eosinophilic endotype. We hypothesized that failure to consider free granules (FEG), the re-emergence (unmasking) eosinophilia due various reasons underestimate prevalence Methods This a retrospective analysis our Institutional Review Board-approved clinical da...

In this study, we aimed at studying the benefit of Urtica dioica root extract in the management of allergic rhinitis. In a randomized double blind clinical trial, 74 patients with the signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis and a positive skin prick test were randomly divided into 2 groups. The study group was treated with routine allergic rhinitis treatment and Nettle root extract (Urtidin®, B...