To determine the dynamics of allelic-specific expression during mouse development, we analyzed RNA-seq data from 23 F1 tissues from different developmental stages, including 19 female tissues allowing X chromosome inactivation (XCI) escapers to also be detected. We demonstrate that allelic expression arising from genetic or epigenetic differences is highly tissue-specific. We find that tissue-s...

Although microarray analysis has provided information regarding the dynamics of gene expression during development of the mouse lung, no extensive correlations have been made to the levels of corresponding protein products. Here, we present a global survey of protein expression during mouse lung organogenesis from embryonic day E13.5 until adulthood using gel-free two-dimensional liquid chromat...

In order to study whether the carbohydrate moieties of the human placental IGF-I receptor (IGF1R), IGF-II receptor (IGF2R) and insulin receptors (IRs) play a role in ligand binding, solubilised cell membrane preparations were incubated with 125I-labelled IGF-I, IGF-II and insulin in the presence of lectins with different sugar specificities. Three incubation procedures were tested: ligand-first...

These notes cover the second part of an introductory course on computational linguistics, also known as MPRI 2-27-1: Logical and computational structures for linguistic modelling. The course is subdivided into two parts: the first, taught this year by Éric Villemonte de la Clergerie, covers grammars and automata for syntax modelling, while the second part focuses on logical approaches to syntax...

The biological function of proteins is encoded in their structure and expressed through the mediation of their dynamics. This paper presents a study on the correlation between local fluctuations, binding, and biological function for two sample proteins, starting from the Langevin Equation for Protein Dynamics (LE4PD). The LE4PD is a microscopic and residue-specific coarse-grained approach to pr...

These notes cover the first part of an introductory course on computational linguistics, also known as MPRI 2-27-1: Logical and computational structures for linguistic modeling. The course is subdivided into two parts: the first, which is the topic of these notes, is focused almost exclusively on syntax, while the second part, taught this year by Philippe de Groote, covers semantics and discour...

Question 3. Soit M un monöıde de U et soit e ∈ E(M). Montrer que l’application α : M → eM définie par α(s) = es est un morphisme de monöıdes. On note π la projection de M sur M/MeM . Montrer que l’application γ : M → eM × (M/MeM) définie par γ(s) = (α(s), π(s)) est un morphisme injectif. Question 4. En déduire que la variété U est engendrée par les monöıdes de la forme S, où S est un semigroupe...

Genomic imprinting in mammals is believed to result from modifications to chromosomes during gametogenesis that inactivate the paternal or maternal allele. The genes encoding the insulin-like growth factor type 2 (Igf2) and its receptor (Igf2r) are reciprocally imprinted and expressed from the paternal and maternal genomes, respectively, in the fetal and adult mouse. We find that both genes are...

The number of children born since the origin of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) exceeds 5 million. The majority seem healthy, but a higher frequency of defects has been reported among ART-conceived infants, suggesting an epigenetic cost. We report the first whole-genome DNA methylation datasets from single pig blastocysts showing differences between in vivo and in vitro produced embryo...