Background Civilizations change over the time, and so does its ideologies. Over a period, new beliefs are introduced in the society, which at times sharply contradict the previous convictions. In a society, diverse opinions exist in the competitive state with an original opinion at a prospect of being replaced by new one. Fashion fad, cultural trends, ideological conversions, product adoption, ...

Chapter 1 illustrated the centrality of the role of the state in the establishment, organization, and coordination of the Fordist system of regulated capitalism. Before entering its final crisis in the late 1970s, the state was instrumental in fostering the material conditions of an ideology and a culture that legitimated regulated capitalism. This chapter continues the discussion of the condit...

Why are American politicians “single-minded seekers of reelection” in some decades and fierce ideological warriors in others? This article argues that the key to understanding the behavior of members inside a legislative chamber is to follow the actions of key figures outside the chamber. These outsiders—activists, interest groups, and party bosses—use their control over party nominations, cond...

There is wide theoretical coverage of sophisticated voting despite a clear empirical gap. There are only a handful empirical examples of sophisticated voting which are documented. There is also no systematic searching approach to recover such cases. This paper offers the first systematic approach to identify votes where sophisticated voting seems likely. The algorithm developed here cannot stat...

We study the relative performance of disclosure and auditing in organizations. We consider the information transmission problem between two decision makers who take actions at dates 1 and 2 respectively. The first decision maker has private information about a state of nature that is relevant for both decisions, and sends a cheap-talk message to the second. The second decision maker can commit ...

In this edition of Focus on Horn of Africa , Hawd radio, Dr. Jon Abbink talked about religion's development in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, as in other parts of Africa, relations between Christians and Muslims show a new dynamic under the impact of both state policies and global connections. Religious identities are becoming more dominant as people's primary public identity, and more ideological in t...

Axiomatic approach to measurement theory is developed. All the possible statistical properties of apparatuses measuring an observable with nondegenerate spectrum allowed in standard quantum mechanics are characterized.

We estimated ideological preferences of 3.8 million Twitter users and, using a data set of nearly 150 million tweets concerning 12 political and nonpolitical issues, explored whether online communication resembles an “echo chamber” (as a result of selective exposure and ideological segregation) or a “national conversation.” We observed that information was exchanged primarily among individuals ...