Numerical analysis of Saxifraga in Iran was carried out on the basis of morphological and chorological data. The cluster analysis confirmed that the genus in Iran includes two distinct groups: Group one consists of two subgroups, a) alpine Irano-Turanian endemic species (S. ramsarica, S. iranica, S. wendelboi, S. koelzii), and b) Euxino-Hyrcanian species (S. paniculata subsp. Cartilaginea, S. k...

beech forests in midland areas of hyrcanian forests of iran are the most important forests having the highest degree of naturalness. these forests are the valuable source of wood production and other forest products. one of the most important characteristics of plant communities is the spatial pattern of trees. ecological process in forest ecosystems are directly influenced by the spatial patte...

Freely available satellite data at Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform enables vegetation phenology analysis across different scales very efficiently. We evaluated seasonal and annual of the old-growth Hyrcanian forests (HF) northern Iran covering an area ca. 1.9 million ha, also focused on 15 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. extracted bi-weekly MODIS-NDVI between 2017 2020 in GEE, which was u...

When forest fires occur, highly complex effects on soil properties and hydrological processes are activated. However, in countries such as Iran, these consequences not widely studied there is a lack of studies. Therefore, the main aim this study was to investigate wildfire quality characteristics representative area located Hyrcanian forests, specifically, Zarrinabad watershed Sari. For purpose...