In this study we examined cerebellar alterations in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury with or without hypoxic preconditioning (Pc). Between postnatal days 7 and 15, the cerebellum is still undergoing intense cellular proliferation, differentiation and migration, dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis. The expression of glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD67) and the differentiation fa...

Gu G-J, Li Y-P, Peng Z-Y, Xu J-J, Kang Z-M, Xu W-G, Tao H-Y, Ostrowski RP, Zhang JH, Sun X-J. Mechanism of ischemic tolerance induced by hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning involves upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and erythropoietin in rats. J Appl Physiol 104: 1185–1191, 2008. First published January 3, 2008; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00323.2007.—We studied the effect of hyperbaric oxy...

OBJECTIVE "Ischemic tolerance" can be induced in the retina by "preconditioning" with brief periods of non-injurious retinal ischemia or systemic hypoxia. The present study was undertaken to assess whether tolerance can be induced pharmacologically by deferroxamine (DFX), an iron chelator, which promotes the expression of the transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1alpha), ...

BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major complication in liver surgery, and hepatic steatosis is a primary factor aggravating cellular injury during IRI. Both pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key mediators of hepatic IRI. Ischemic preconditioning (IpreC), remote ischemia preconditioning (RIPC) and ischemic postconditioning (IpostC) have...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) are implicated in induction of ischemic preconditioning. However, the relationship between these oxidant signals and opening of the mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium (K(ATP)) channel during early preconditioning is not fully understood. We observed preconditioning protection by hypoxia, exogenous H(2)O(2), or PKC activator PMA in cardiomyo...

Recent clinical studies have suggested that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) transplantation provides a modest benefit for treatment of the ischaemic diseases such as limb ischaemia. However, cell-based therapies have been limited by poor survival of the engrafted cells. This investigation was designed to establish optimal hypoxia preconditioning and evaluate effects of hypoxic preconditioni...

Fish cardiac physiology and anatomy show a multiplicity of intraspecific modifications when exposed to prolonged changes in environmentally relevant parameters such as temperature, hypoxia and food availability, and when meeting the increased demands associated with training/increased activity and sexual maturation. Further, there is evidence that rearing fish under intensive aquaculture condit...

Marmots (Marmota flaviventris) are burrowing mammals that may be subjected to low levels of oxygen and high levels of carbon dioxide in their underground environment. Since marmots successfully deal with this physiological challenge, we hypothesized that the isolated perfused marmot heart would be damaged less and recover better from a bout of induced hypoxia or ischaemia than would the heart o...

BACKGROUND The protective effects of ischemic preconditioning have been shown to occur in adult hearts of all species studied. We determined whether immature hearts normoxic or chronically hypoxic from birth could be preconditioned, the time window or memory of the cardioprotective effect, and the involvement of the KATP channel. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated immature rabbit hearts (7 to 10 da...