a 29-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) presented with palpitation and neck swelling. initial sonography showed an ill-defined hypoechoic lesion in the right thyroid gland, mentioning subacute thyroiditis. the patient received conservative care for one week. however, her neck swelling worsened and she complained of dyspnea. follow up sonography showed marked enlargement of b...

The thyroid gland is the first endocrine gland to start developing in the embryo. Morphological and structural developmental anomalies of the thyroid gland are relatively rare. Thyroid developmental anomalies (TDA) (excluding biochemical abnormalities) can be divided into three groups namely agenesis (or athyreosis), dysgenesis, and anomalies due to persistence of the thyroglossal tract (Jain a...

AIM The aim of this study was to describe the demographic characteristics and disease patterns among patients with thyroid nodular abnormalities (goiter) and benign tumors of the thyroid gland in Albania, a transitional country in South Eastern Europe. METHODS Our study included all patients diagnosed with goiter and/or benign tumors of the thyroid gland who were hospitalized at the Universit...

Introduction: The thyroid gland regulates the basal metabolic rate, somatic growth, and psychic growth. Hence, the thyroid gland plays a major role for the normal growth of a fetus during the prenatal period. It is the first endocrine gland which starts to develop by 24 days after fertilization. The aim of our study is to study the morphological and histological features of the thyroid gland in...

Introduction: Thyroid is an endocrine gland which affected by various types of pathology including non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions. The disease burden very high in costal areas India Himalaya areas. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) important mode initial diagnosis diseases the gland. study was conducted tribal Odisha to find clinical features cytomorphological finding thyroid. Me...

background and objective: hypothyroidism is a known consequence of the external beam radiotherapy to the neck encompassing the thyroid gland for over 40 years. the aim of this study was to find out the incidence of hypothyroidism in patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiotherapy, when radiation portals included whole of the thyroid gland. materials and methods: this prospective no...

Maintaining a good health requires the maintenance of a body homeostasis which largely depends on correct functioning of thyroid gland. The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to the earth from long-term space missions. Here we studied whether hypergravity may be used to counteract the physiological deconditioning of long-...

Thyroid Benign Nodules (TBN) are the most common lesions of this endocrine gland. The etiology TBN is not clear. aim exploratory study was to examine differences in content bromine (Br), cooper (Cu), iron (Fe), iodine (I), rubidium (Rb), strontium (Sr), and zinc (Zn), as well I/Br, I/Cu, I/Fe, I/Rb, I/Sr, I/Zn ratios tissues normal thyroid TBN. tissue levels seven Trace Elements (TEs) were pros...

introduction: considering the influence of geographical, genetic and ethnic factors on the prevalence of thyroid pathological lesions, this study was performed to assess the prevalence of pathological lesions in thyroid autopsic samples obtained from adult cadavers of isfahan forensic medical center. material and methods: in this study, 202 thyroid glands from cadavers with no evidence of thyro...

The presence of adipose tissue in the thyroid gland is a rare finding. Thyrolipoma or adenolipoma of the thyroid is a benign, encapsulated lesion of the thyroid composed of variable amounts of fat and glandular elements. This report presents a case of thyrolipoma in a 69-yr-old female presenting with neck swelling and respiratory distress. Differential diagnosis of the fat-containing thyroid le...