Aquaporin (AQP)8-facilitated transport of NH(3) has been suggested recently by increased NH(3) permeability in Xenopus oocytes and yeast expressing human or rat AQP8. We tested the proposed roles of AQP8-facilitated NH(3) transport in mammalian physiology by comparative phenotype studies in wild-type vs. AQP8-null mice. AQP8-facilitated NH(3) transport was confirmed in mammalian cell cultures e...

By the end of the nineteenth century, ammonia had been identified as the main factor responsible for hepatic encephalopathy syndrome. Ammonia is one of the principal products of hepatic metabolism and high concentrations are toxic to the body. Under physiological conditions, the main way by which the body restricts the blood concentration of ammonia to a nontoxic level is by converting it to ur...

Ammonia oxidation in laboratory liquid batch cultures of autotrophic ammonia oxidizers rarely occurs at pH values less than 7, due to ionization of ammonia and the requirement for ammonium transport rather than diffusion of ammonia. Nevertheless, there is strong evidence for autotrophic nitrification in acid soils, which may be carried out by ammonia oxidizers capable of using urea as a source ...

Technical Bulletin 1 ı As the poultry industry has grown, so have concerns about environmental management aspects, including air and water quality. There is a growing concern related to ammonia emission from poultry operations. Ammonia is a colorless, lighter than air, highly water-soluble gas present in the atmosphere of every poultry house. Ammonia volatilization from poultry litter commonly ...

Chronic renal disease once established usually progresses to end singe renal failure even when the primary cause of the renal insufficiency is removed. This progression occurs in various clinical settings, including chronic renal allograft injury, vesicoureteral reflux, after recovery from bilateral renal cortical necrosis, after drug discontinuation in some patients with analgesic nephropathy,...

Objectives: It is important to recognize any risk factors for the development of injuries in the athletic population. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between joint hyper mobility and low back pain in Iranian hyper mobile and non-hyper mobile athletes. Methods: 50 athletic patients with low back pain (age=23.20±12.79 years) and 51 healthy athletes (age=24.28&pl...

We consider the notion of an isomorphism between two hyper BCI-algebras and obtain all of the hyper BCI-algebras of order 3. It is shown that there exist 14 proper hyper BCI-algebras and 5 proper weak hyper BCI-algebras of order 3 up to isomorphism. Finally, further study on the theory of hyper BCI-algebra and its related hyper structure and applications of our results in information sciences a...

High quality bulk single crystals of novel NLO semiorganics : L-arginine tetrafluoroborate (L-AFB) and L-histidine tetrafluoroborate (L-HFB) measuring 78 × 50 × 35 mm have been successfully grown from solution by temperature lowering methods. Solubility curves of these materials have been determined in different solvents, such as water, ethanol and acetone to determine the most suitable solvent...