BACKGROUND We conducted a randomized comparison of hydroxyurea with anagrelide in the treatment of essential thrombocythemia. METHODS A total of 809 patients with essential thrombocythemia who were at high risk for vascular events received low-dose aspirin plus either anagrelide or hydroxyurea. The composite primary end point was the actuarial risk of arterial thrombosis (myocardial infarctio...

Stroke is a devastating complication of sickle cell anemia (SCA) with high recurrence if untreated. Chronic transfusions reduce recurrent strokes but have associated morbidities including iron overload. Stroke With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (SWiTCH) was a multicenter phase 3 randomized trial comparing standard treatment (transfusions/chelation) to alternative treatment (hydroxyurea/p...

OBJECTIVE to estimate survival, mortality and cause of death among users or not of hydroxyurea with sickle cell disease. METHOD cohort study with retrospective data collection, from 1980 to 2010 of patients receiving inpatient treatment in two Brazilian public hospitals. The survival probability was determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, survival calculations (SPSS version 10.0), compar...

Previous work has shown that mammalian cells that carry unstably amplified genes for dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gradually lose the amplified DHFR genes when grown in the absence of the DHFR inhibitor methotrexate (MTX). Unstably amplified genes occur on small acentric chromosomes called double minutes (DMs) or even smaller chromatin fragments, in contrast to stably amplified genes, which re...

Sickle cell disease is characterized by painful vaso-occlusive crises during which abnormal interactions between erythroid adhesion molecules and vesselwall proteins are thought to play a critical role. Hydroxyurea, the only drug with proven benefit in sickle cell disease, diminishes these interactions, but its mechanism of action is not fully understood. We report that, under hydroxyurea, expr...

To determine the influence of cell cycle-specific agents on primate hematopoiesis and fetal hemoglobin production, two juvenile cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were repeatedly bled to maintain their hemoglobins at approximately 6.5 g/dl and fetal hemoglobin levels at 3-5%. Six separate 5-d courses of hydroxyurea at 100 mg/kg per d were then administered over the next 200 d while phlebo...

A 70-year-old man with a history of high blood pressure and multiple ischemic strokes was diagnosed stage 2 chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in 2014. At diagnosis, estimated glomerular filtration rate normal (100 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Bone marrow aspiration showed 15% blasts, for which azacytidine prescribed. The patient refused the recommended treatment, hydroxyurea introduced instead.

Growth of mammary adenocarcinoma H2712 is inhibited by hydroxyurea. This compound was effective by daily, intermit tent, or single s.c. injection. It was also effective when adminis tered directly into the tumor. Hydroxyurea is most efficacious when administered prior to the onset of rapid growth. Simultaneous administration of hormones with antitumor activity in this system did not augment the...