We present an algorithm for representing diffusion of sensible heat and vapor between hydrometeors and air that is formulated from implicit numerical equations and is therefore stable for long numerical model timesteps, but is solved explicitly without requiring iteration. Liquid, ice, and mixed-phase hydrometeor categories are incorporated into the system, and latent heat of fusion released or...

Numerical weather prediction centers increasingly make use of cloudy and rainy microwave radiances. Currently, the high frequencies are simulated using simplified assumptions regarding radiative properties frozen hydrometeors. In particular, one single particle shape is often used for all precipitating particles, over globe, cloud types. this paper, a multi-SSP (single scattering properties) ap...

The Precipitation nowcasting can provide high-resolution forecasts of rainfall and hydrometeors in 2 hours play an important role risk management for flash flood debris flow events, but it is a very challenge work. This study proposed new method which combine XGBoost the PPLK model precipitation (XGB-PPLK). was assessed four different types storms, experimental results show that XGB-PPLK improv...

The article discusses a linguistic analysis of one the main fragments meteorological vocabulary modern Russian language – names atmospheric precipitation. material for study was units lexical-semantic group "precipitation", previously identified in Hydrometeorological Encyclopedia (2009). Three groups nouns were distinguished: common word precipitation itself and its synonym hydrometeors, liqui...

Abstract. Meteorological forecast and climate models require good knowledge of the microphysical properties hydrometeors atmospheric snow ice crystals in clouds, for instance, their size, cross-sectional area, shape, mass, fall speed. Especially shape is an important parameter that it strongly affects scattering particles consequently response to remote sensing techniques. The speed mass are ot...

Abstract. Ground-based measurements of frozen precipitation are heavily influenced by interactions surface winds with gauge-shield geometry. The Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera (MASC), which photographs hydrometeors in free-fall from three different angles while simultaneously measuring their fall speed, has been used the field at multiple midlatitude and polar locations both without wind shieldin...

Hydrometeor classification for dual polarization Doppler weather radar echo is a procedure that identifies hydrometeor types based on the scattering properties of precipitation particles to polarized electromagnetic waves. The difference in shape, size, or spatial orientation among different types of hydrometeor will produce different scattering characteristics for the electromagnetic waves in ...