INTRODUCTION Protons, electrons, neutrons, neutrinos and even quarks are often featured in news of scientific discoveries. All of these, and a whole "zoo" of others, are tiny sub-atomic particles too small to be seen even with the microscopes. While molecules and atoms are the basic elements of familiar substances that we can see and feel, we have to "look" within atoms in order to learn about ...

Based on the generalized kinetic equation for the one-particle distribution function with a small source, the transition from the kinetic to the hydrodynamic description of many-particle systems is performed. The basic feature of this interesting technique to obtain the hydrodynamic limit is that the latter has been partially incorporated into the kinetic equation itself. The hydrodynamic equat...

Space-time is a math model into which one describes motion of massive bodies and particles in space. There is no experimental evidence about space-time existing as a physical reality. With clocks one does not measure time, one measures duration of movement of bodies and particles in space. Time exists only as a material change (movement) of bodies and particles in space. Time does not run into ...

The aim of this talk is to address recent progress of 5-dimensional supergravity. We start with an issue related to the uniqueness theorem of black holes, which states that the most general 4-dim. black hole has to be of the Kerr-Newmann type, ie. is uniquely fixed by its conserved charges (mass, angular momentum, electric/magnetic charges) and the horizon topology is a 2-sphere [1, 2]. It impl...

Title of dissertation: A SUSY SO(10) GUT MODEL WITH LOPSIDED STRUCTURE Yingchuan Li, Doctor of Philosophy, 2007 Dissertation directed by: Professor Xiangdong Ji Department of Physics The standard model (SM) of elementary particles has been established for more than 30 years and tested by a large number of experiments. However, because of the naturalness problem of the electroweak symmetry break...

We introduce the standard model of elementary particles and discuss the reasons why we have to modify it. Emphasis is put on the indications from the neutrinos and on the role of the Higgs particle; some promising theoretical ideas, like quark-lepton symmetry, existence of super-heavy “right-handed” neutrinos, grand unification and supersymmetry at the weak scale, are introduced and shortly dis...

Gauge theories are theories that are invariant under a characteristic group of “gauge” transformations. General relativity is invariant under transformations of the diffeomorphism group. This has prompted many philosophers and physicists to treat general relativity as a gauge theory, and diffeomorphisms as gauge transformations. I argue that this approach is misguided. The theories of three of ...

This study aims to incorporate most recent multiphase models in order to investigate the hydrodynamic behaviour of a TBR in terms of pressure drop, liquid holdup and catalyst wetting efficiency. Taking into account transport phenomena such as mass and heat transfer, an Eulerian k-fluid model was developed resulting from the volume averaging of the continuity and momentum equations and solved fo...