A lysimeter station has been set up by AMRA for the study of the reactive transport of contaminants in soil at the field-scale. It consists of eight lysimeters that can operate individually and simultaneously. Each lysimeter is a steel cylinder (diameter 1.14m, height 2m) filled with an undisturbed soil monolith, whose upper surface is directly exposed to the external environmental agents. A se...

Recent increases in the use of hydraulic fracturing (HF) to aid extraction of oil and gas from black shales have raised concerns regarding potential environmental effects associated with predictions of upward migration of HF fluid and brine. Some recent studies have suggested that such upward migration can be large and that timescales for migration can be as short as a few years. In this articl...

Generic, ready-to-use preliminary design methodologies for aircraft utility systems, made available by means of a Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) tool do not exist. An attempt is made to apply principles used in preliminary aircraft design to preliminary design of utility systems. This is demonstrated for the flight control and hydraulic system. The Computer-Aided Engineering tool consists of ...

This paper reviews four critical mechanisms for successful applications of hydraulic fracturing that have emerged or grown in importance over the past 2 decades. These critical issues are managing height growth, decreasing near-wellbore tortuosity, predicting and engineering network versus localized growth geometry, and promoting simultaneous growth of multiple hydraulic fractures. Building on ...

Classical Geostatistics methods have been designed to use mainly statistical knowledge about natural variables and they lack the ability to incorporate important forms of knowledge like physical laws and scientific theories into the mapping process. On the other hand, the powerful and versatile Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) method of Modern Geostatistics can accomplish such a task, rigorously ...

Despite the wide application of hydraulic fracturing in enhanced geothermal system (EGS) development and unconventional hydrocarbon production, our understanding many factors affecting propagation fractures has relied on circumstantial evidence. This is partly due to scarcity direct observations subsurface. The EGS Collab project attempts address these issues context research by performing inte...

Upscaled soil hydraulic properties are needed for many large-scale hydrologic applications such as regional and global climate studies and investigations of land–atmosphere interactions. Many larger scale subsurface flow and contaminant transport studies also require upscaled hydraulic property estimates. The objectives of this study were to develop a methodology for upscaling hydraulic propert...

The control of plant transpiration by stomata under water stress and recovery conditions is of paramount importance for plant performance and survival. Although both chemical and hydraulic signals emitted within a plant are considered to play a major role in controlling stomatal dynamics, they have rarely been assessed together. The aims of this study were to evaluate (i) the dynamics of chemic...