This paper focuses on a Hybrid Process that uses feed salinity dilution and osmotic power recovery from Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) to achieve higher overall water recovery. This reduces the energy consumption and capital costs of conventional seawater desalination and water reuse processes. The Hybrid Process increases the amount of water recovered from the current 66.7% for conventional s...

A methodology is developed for calculating the correct size of a photovoltaic (PV)-hybrid system and for optimizing its management. The power for the hybrid system comes from PV panels and an engine-generator – that is, a gasoline or diesel engine driving an electrical generator. The combined system is a stand-alone or autonomous system, in the sense that no third energy source is brought in to...

Energy management in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) has been actively studied recently because of its potential to significantly improve fuel economy and emission control. Because of the dual-power-source nature and the complex configuration and operation modes in a HEV, energy management is more complicated and important than in a conventional vehicle. Most of the existing vehicle power optimi...

Dual-comb interferometry is based on self-heterodyning two optical frequency combs, with corresponding mapping of the spectrum into radio-frequency domain. The dual comb enables diverse applications, including metrology, fast high-precision spectroscopy high signal-to-noise ratio, distance ranging, and coherent communications. However, current dual-frequency-comb systems are designed for resear...

in this paper, a hybrid solid oxide fuel cell (sofc) and micro gas turbine (mgt) power system is parametrically studied to evaluate the effect of different operating conditions. the sofc/mgt power system includes sofc reactor, combustion chamber, compressor and turbine units, and two heat exchangers. the effects of fuel utilization, temperature, and pressure are assessed on performance of the h...

This paper proposes a distributed control strategy that considers several source characteristics to achieve reliable and efficient operation of a hybrid ac/dc microgrid. The proposed control strategy has a two-level structure. The primary control layer is based on an adaptive droop method, which allows local controllers to operate autonomously and flexibly during disturbances such as fault, loa...

Non-rechargeable batteries with a life of 20 years and more are required today for many smart metering and AMR applications in the US. Tadiran's non-rechargeable lithium thionyl chloride batteries offer a proven life of 25 years. Kohler's new touchless commercial faucet was designed to run even 30 years on a hybrid lithium battery. Similar requirements exist for wireless sensor networks. They c...

"Satisfying customers' traffic engineering connection requests is one of the biggest challenges of today's service providers. However, routing mechanisms which only consider service level specifications as the path selection criteria may not be aware of energy consumption and Co2 emission rate of the routed paths. This can generate huge Co2 emissions and consume energy inefficiently. This paper...

In this paper, a new hybrid routing protocol is presented for low power Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The new system uses an integrated piezoelectric energy harvester to increase the network lifetime. Power dissipation is one of the most important factors affecting lifetime of a WSN. An innovative cluster head selection technique using Cuckoo optimization algorithm has been used in the desig...