INTRODUCTION A recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) that can distinguish recent from long-standing HIV infection can be applied to nationally representative population-based surveys to characterize and identify risk factors for recent infection in a country. MATERIALS AND METHODS We applied a RITA using the Limiting Antigen Avidity Enzyme Immunoassay (LAg) on stored HIV-positive samples ...

TNFECIION %WM THE HUMAN T LYMPHOTROPIC virus type I (HTLV-I), a virus associated with two diseases, adult T-cell leukemia lyriphornal and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I associated myelopathy,2 is prevalent in Panama' and Colombia.' To determine if HTLV-I is present in neighboring Costa Rica, we tested 436 sera from women who participated, between 1984 and 198.5, in a case-control study of ...

T he preponderance of mammalian resistance to infection is inherited rather than acquired. Even without lymphoid cells, mammals still protect themselves. They respond violently to bacteria, fungi, and viruses; or, more precisely, to specific molecular components of these organisms. Most of the molecular targets for recognition have been known for decades (1). However, only recently have the rec...

More than 20 years after the initial description of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia in “non-immunocompromised” ICU patients by Papazian et al. [1], the treatment of herpes viruse reactivation in ICU is still a matter of debate. Recently, Mirouse et al. [2] reported a unique cohort of varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-related community acquired pneumonia in the ICU over 20 years. This highlighted tha...

Isolated optic nerve involvement is rarely reported as an initial site of relapse after complete systemic remission of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In such cases, a full ophthalmologist exploration, radiologic investigations and a complete disease evaluation including cerebral spinal fluid and bone marrow studies with molecular evaluation of minimal residual disease have to be immedi...

Objective: The objective of the present study to investigate photooxidation of PC in presence of thermally generated triplet excited ketones and in presence of photosensitizers rose bengal and riboflavin. Methods: The Photooxidation of antiviral drug penciclovir was studied under different reaction conditions. First we treated the penciclovir (PC 1) with triplet excited ketones, which have been...

To the Editor: Cutaneous pathology appears significantly different on disparate skin tones. Access to educational materials illustrating across all tones plays a crucial role in developing pattern recognition skills and improving diagnostic confidence.1Rimoin L. Altieri Craft N. Krasne S. Kellman P.J. Training of lesion morphology, configuration, distribution.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015; 72: 489-4...

The papillomaviruses associated with human anogenital carcinomas encode two transforming genes, E6 and E7. The oncoprotein products of these two genes complex with the tumor suppressor gene products p53 and pRB, respectively. The loss of the normal function of these tumor suppressor gene products, either as a consequence of their association with l-'.fiand E7 or by mutation, appears to be a com...

The Prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 among STD clinics in Miami is not known. The objective of this study was to evaluate infection rates of HSV 1 and 2, and to describe the socio-demographic characteristics, sexual orientation and co-infection with HIV and other STIs, in individuals attending a Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) clinic in Miami. A cross-sectional study of 663 patients tested for...

1. You state that you will ‘explore the potential impact of school based sex education..’ however, given the design of your study this was not possible nor discussed in the paper itself. I suggest that you remove mention of ‘potential impact’ of such education from the abstract as this is misleading. Mention of ‘potential impact was removed from abstract’. Background 2. Para 3, last sentence: Y...