The effectiveness of three operational strategies for the control of Triatoma dimidiata was compared by a field trial in the Department of Madriz, Nicaragua. One strategy involved full pretrial evaluation, followed by spraying of all houses irrespective of whether or not they had been found to be infested. The second strategy minimised the pretrial evaluation by considering the locality infeste...

Few data are available from Eastern Mediterranean countries about levels of domestic allergens and endotoxins. Dust samples were collected from mattresses and floors of 457 homes in the Syrian city of Aleppo and analysed for antigens and endotoxins. The most important predictors for detectable levels of house-dust mite allergen Der p 1 were Arabic-style houses (OR 3.21) and newer houses (OR 1.5...

The purpose of this study was to identify the origin of Triatoma infestans reinfestation and study its dynamics following spraying with deltamethrin inside and around 94 houses in three rural communities in northwestern Argentina. The effectiveness of the spraying was evaluated immediately after the houses were sprayed and two months later. In addition, five residual peridomiciliary foci were f...

BACKGROUND Various methods of killing the house dust mite to reduce exposure to allergen are being promoted even though complete data on their effects on allergen concentrations are not available. A study was designed to measure the concentrations of the main house dust mite allergen Der pI in homes treated with either solidified benzyl benzoate (Acarosan) or liquid nitrogen. METHODS Der pI c...

BACKGROUND From 1990 to 2006, fifty-five natural villages experienced at least one plague epidemic in Lianghe County, Yunnan Province, China. This study is aimed to document flea abundance and identify predictors in households of villages with endemic commensal rodent plague in Lianghe County. METHODS Trappings were used to collect fleas and interviews were conducted to gather demography, env...

We evaluated the effectiveness of installing the Olyset® Net on the ceiling in preventing the invasion of malaria vectors. This study was conducted in houses in western Kenya. The number of resting mosquitoes inside the houses reduced when the ceiling and eaves of the houses were covered with the net. The mosquito densities remained low for 9 months, until the nets were removed.

In the architecture of Iranian traditional houses, the ornamentations available in the inscriptions of houses entrance portal express the identity of architects and personality of houses owners and are rooted in their religious and national beliefs and faiths. The main hypothesis of this research is changing the physique and application of religious contents in compliance with the thoughts and ...

This paper attempts distillation of the essential design themes of Frank Lloyd Wright’s prairie houses in pattern form. The result is a pattern language fragment that documents the key features of Wright’s architectural style and an interpretation of Wright’s design justifications and motivations. The exercise serves to illustrate the use of patterns and pattern languages in post hoc design doc...