Efforts to detect targets of recent positive selection (“selective sweeps”) in the genome frequently involve an initial screen of a region of the genome at a low density of markers (either SNPs or microsatellites), followed by a denser screen in the region flanking markers that show reduced or skewed variation relative to that predicted by an equilibrium neutral model or relative to “background...

objective: finding a suitable laboratory test that can diagnose schizophrenia in its early stages could be very important. according to the hypothesis of lack of noradrenalin balance in the brain, it is illustrated that the disorder severity has a negative correlation with the amount of urine noradrenalin metabolite [3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenyl glycol (mhpg) sulfate]. in this research, instead o...

Variables in programs are usually confined to a fixed number of bits and results that require more bits are truncated. Due to the use of 32-bit and 64-bit variables, inadvertent overflows are rare. However, a sound static analysis must reason about overflowing calculations and conversions between unsigned and signed integers; the latter remaining a common source of subtle programming errors. Ra...

Executing untrusted code while preserving security requires that the code be prevented from modifying memory or executing instructions except as explicitly allowed. Software-based fault isolation (SFI) or “sandboxing” enforces such a policy by rewriting the untrusted code at the instruction level. However, the original sandboxing technique of Wahbe et al. is applicable only to RISC architecture...