Human skin is subject to frequent changes in ambient temperature and humidity and needs to cope with these environmental modifications. To decipher the molecular response of human skin to repeated climatic change, a versatile model of skin equivalent subject to "hot-wet" (40°C, 80% relative humidity [RH]) or "cold-dry" (10°C, 40% RH) climatic stress repeated daily was used. To obtain an exhaust...

Thermoregulation is critical for athletes, particularly those for those who must perform in the heat. Most strategies aimed at reducing heat stress have cooled participants before or during activity. The objective of this study is to investigate whether seven minutes of head cooling applied between bouts of aerobic exercise in hot (35 ± 1.0 °C) and dry (14.68 ±4.29% rh) environmental conditions...

The hot compression tests were carried on X45CrNiW189 valve steel (X45) in the temperature range of 1000– 1200 °C and the strain rate range of 0.004 – 0.5 s-1 in order to study the high temperature softening behavior of this steel. For the exact prediction of flow stress, the effective stress-effective strain curves were obtained from experiments under various conditions. On the basis of experi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate seasonal patterns of cardiovascular death in adults, which are possibly influenced by hot and dry climate, in a rural setting of Burkina Faso. METHODS Cause of death was ascertained by verbal autopsy. Age-specific death rates (cardiovascular death and all-cause) by month of death were calculated. Seasonal trends and temperature effects were modelled with Poisson regressi...

We examined the feasibility of providing ambient air during exercise and conditioned (cooled) air during rest on reducing physiological strain and optimizing tolerance time. Six male soldiers attempted 250-min exposures in hot/dry and hot/wet environments. Subjects wore chemical protective clothing over the combat vehicle crewman uniform and an air-cooled vest. They alternated between 50 min of...

Many important sporting events are organized in hot ambient conditions. In addition, given the global warming around world, and because heat also concerns millions of people living hot-dry and/or hot-humid environments, individuals often perform cognitive cognitivo-motor tasks under stress Hot environment can negatively affect aerobic high intensity performances influence mental function as exe...

Compound climate extremes are receiving increasing attention because of their disproportionate impacts on humans and ecosystems. However, risks assessments generally focus on univariate statistics. We analyze the co-occurrence of hot and dry summers and show that these are correlated, inducing a much higher frequency of concurrent hot and dry summers than what would be assumed from the independ...