Pneumonia is one of the most common infections in the pediatric age group and one of the leading diagnoses that results in overnight hospital admission for children. Various micro-organisms can cause pneumonia, and etiologies differ by age. Clinical manifestations vary, and diagnostic testing is frequently not standardized. Hospital management should emphasize timely diagnosis and prompt initia...

Objectives. To assess the relationship between infections and the risk of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods. We conducted a nested case-control study of 501 incident cases aged ≤17 years and 9,442 controls who were members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California for at least one consecutive year between 1996 and 2006. IBD was confirmed and the incidence date was adjudic...

OBJECTIVE This paper reports on the case-mix of hospitalized patients based on their health plan enrollment and utilization experience, absent a health management (HM) programme. The implications for achieving targeted reductions in admissions within the context of implementing a population hm programme are discussed. STUDY DESIGN descriptive. METHODS Members were identified with asthma, co...

BACKGROUND Influenza and pneumonia combined are the leading causes of death due to infectious diseases in the United States. We describe factors associated with pneumonia among adults hospitalized with influenza. METHODS Through the Emerging Infections Program, we identified adults ≥ 18 years, who were hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza during October 2005 through April 2008, an...

OBJECTIVES Because inadequate expression of human milk (EBM) in mothers of hospitalized infants were noticed in a neonatal center of our hospital, family education program was carried out to increase the EBM. METHODS A breast milk pumping diary was introduced to the mothers with preterm infant(s) admitted in the NICU. The ratios of EBM (days of EBM to NICU/hospitalized days), breast milk feed...

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent diagnoses seen in hospitalized patients in the United States, accounting for ~ 38% of all patients admitted to hospitals.1 Research on the benefits of glucose control in the hospital setting has focused primarily on critically ill cardiovascular patients.1–5 Hyperglycemia has been linked to immunosuppression, increased coagulapathies, increased infection ra...

BACKGROUND The association between obesity and type 2 diabetes has been well documented in epidemiological studies. Patients with type 2 diabetes have a higher body weight than control populations. Relatively few studies, however, have examined the prevalence of obesity in a cohort of hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using an electronic health records database. This study measured...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Due to limited availability of data on viral aetiology of acute gastroenteritis in north India, the present study was planned to detect rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus and astrovirus in stool samples of both in hospitalized and non-hospitalized children less than five years of age presenting with acute gastroenteritis. METHODS A total of 278 stool samples from equal nu...

BACKGROUND Limited data are available describing the clinical presentation and risk factors for admission to the intensive care unit for children with 2009 H1N1 infection. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of all hospitalized children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) and 2008-09 seasonal influenza at The Children's Hospital, Denver, Colorado. RESULTS Of the 307 children identifi...