Hospital ethics committees (HECs) have come into vogue over the past quarter of a century, but subsequent to Joint Commission international Accreditation’s mandate in 1992, they have become an essential part of all major hospitals in North America. These committees work on different models to address the clinical ethics needs of hospitals. Some hospitals have a fulltime clinical ethicist, while...

Retraction The Editors-in-Chief are retracting this article [1] because the study was not conducted with the appropriate ethical oversight. Contrary to the statement in the article that ethics committee approval was not required, an investigation by the Arcispedale Santa Maria NuovaIRCCS has determined that the study should have been reviewed and approved by an ethics committee. All authors agr...

•Any experimental research reported in the manuscript must have been performed with the approval of an appropriate ethics committee. Please clearly confirm in the Methods section whether or not your study needed ethical approval, and which bodies gave that approval or waived the need where appropriate. Please include the specific name of the ethics committee. Any experimental research on humans...

INTRODUCTION In low-income and middle-income countries, people with spinal cord injury (SCI) are vulnerable to life-threatening complications after they are discharged from hospital. The aim of this trial is to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an inexpensive and sustainable model of community-based care designed to prevent and manage complications in people with SCI in Bang...

Research that includes non-human animal experimentation is fundamentally a dilemmatic enterprise. Humans use other animals in research to improve life for their own species. Ethical principles are established to deal with this dilemma. But despite this ethical apparatus, people who in one way or another work with animal experimentation have to interpret and understand the principles from their ...

This paper was written by Timothy W. Kirk, PhD, and Margaret M. Mahon, PhD, RN, FAAN, on behalf of the Palliative Sedation Task Force of the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization (NHPCO) Ethics Committee. Members of the Palliative Sedation Task Force were Timothy W. Kirk, PhD (Chair), Kathleen Bliss, MSN, RN, CHA, Pamela Dalinis, MA, BSN, RN, Margaret M. Mahon, PhD, RN, FAAN, Martha...

BACKGROUND Publication and outcome reporting bias is often caused by researchers selectively choosing which scientific results and outcomes to publish. This behaviour is ethically significant as it distorts the literature used for future scientific or clinical decision-making. This study investigates the practicalities of using ethics applications submitted to a UK National Health Service (NHS)...

Human research ethics has developed in both theory and practice mostly from experiences in medical research. Human participants, however, are used in a much broader range of research than ethics committees oversee, including both basic and applied research at technical universities. Although mandated in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, non-medical research involving...

INTRODUCTION Reliable estimates of health-related behaviours, such as levels of alcohol consumption in the population, are required to formulate and evaluate policies. National surveys provide such data; validity depends on generalisability, but this is threatened by declining response levels. Attempts to address bias arising from non-response are typically limited to survey weights based on so...

Ethics are the moral values of human behavior and the principles which govern these values. The situation becomes challenging for a doctor when he assumes the role of researcher. The doctor-researcher has to serve both the roles and at times the zeal of an investigator has the potential to cloud the morality of the physician inside. It is very important to realize that exploiting the faith of p...