The equilibrium moisture content and specific gravity of Uludag fir (Abies bornmüelleriana Mattf.) hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) woods were investigated following heat treatment at different temperatures times. Two prediction models established based on the Aquila optimization algorithm back-propagation neural network model. To demonstrate effectiveness accuracy proposed model, it was compared...

Abstract Nowadays, human influence is more noticeable in urban and non-urban ecosystems, which, turn, leads to the transformation of valuable natural resources. This article presents a study on diversity species composition vascular herb layer ecotones selected forests city Brzesko outside city. All represented association oak–hornbeam plant. The results showed that there are inconsistent consi...