BACKGROUND HIV testing is currently a major prevention intervention and remains an entry point to early treatment, care and support. Uptake is however low and alternative approaches are currently being adopted. OBJECTIVE An HIV module was incorporated into the routine survey of the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS) to assess the willingness of adults living in the Ki...

this study was planned to determine hiv seroprevalence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients, to characterize the isolated mycobacteria into typical and atypical strains and to evaluate the drug resistant pattern of mycobacterial isolates. the study aims to correlate multidrug resistance (mdr) and hiv seropositivity status in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. during the year 1994-1997, 750 pulmo...

BACKGROUND Regular HIV testing is vital for timely linkage to the HIV care continuum and ensuring the success of behavioral and biomedical interventions to prevent HIV acquisition. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a key population for HIV prevention, treatment, and care efforts globally. This study measures the factors associated with prior HIV testing among MSM in Cameroon. METHODS In 201...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of home based HIV counselling and testing on the prevalence of HIV testing and reported behavioural changes in a rural subdistrict of South Africa. DESIGN Cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING 16 communities (clusters) in uMzimkhulu subdistrict, KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. PARTICIPANTS 4154 people aged 14 years or more who participated in a ...

BACKGROUND Clients of street sex workers may be at higher risk for HIV infection than the general population. Furthermore, there is a lack of knowledge regarding HIV testing of clients of sex workers in developed countries. METHOD This pilot study assessed the feasibility and acceptance of rapid HIV testing by the clients of street-based sex workers in Lausanne, Switzerland. For 5 evenings, c...

BACKGROUND Increasing the rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among groups not traditionally perceived as being at high risk has been advanced as a primary strategy in the effort to combat the HIV epidemic. METHODS We conducted a pooled cross-sectional analysis of data from 146 868 participants aged 18 to 64 years in the 2000-2005 National Health Interview Surveys to describe ...

In Iran 8% of HIV- infected cases are women. Since most of them are young and in childbearing ages, in case of becoming pregnant and not receiving preventive measures, they can infect their child. Without Preventive measures transmission rate is 15 to 45 percent. Several factors such as sever stage of HIV and AIDS ,CD4 low count, high viral loud, acute retroviral phase, STDs, vaginal delivery, ...

BACKGROUND Regular HIV testing among people who inject drugs is an essential component of HIV prevention and treatment efforts. We explored HIV testing behaviour among a community-recruited sample of injection drug users (IDU) in Bangkok, Thailand. METHODS Data collected through the Mitsampan Community Research Project were used to examine correlates of HIV testing behaviour among IDU and to ...

Despite the availability of antiretroviral prophylaxis, roughly one-fifth of public-sector antenatal patients decline HIV testing in Lusaka, Zambia. We administered a survey to determine individual-level predictors of HIV testing. Of 1064 antenatal attendees approached after pretest counseling, 1060 (>99%) participated. Of these, 686 (65%) agreed to HIV testing. On bivariate analysis controllin...

BACKGROUND Currently, widespread HIV testing is the best preventive action against further spread of the HIV epidemic. However, over 40% of the U.S. population has never been tested for HIV and 25% of those with HIV have never been tested. To increase testing rates, in 2006 the CDC advised healthcare settings to conduct testing on an opt-out basis. METHODS Qualitative, semi-structured intervi...